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<p>This cohort study investigated the possible association between serum zinc (SZn) concentration and risk of progression to type 2 diabetes (T2D) in subjects with isolated impaired fasting glucose (iIFG). SZn concentrations were measured using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) in 585 subjects with iIFG (mean age of 50.2 ± 13.9 y, and 52.1% were men) at baseline (2009–2011), and they were followed for developing T2D up to 2017. A univariate unrestricted regression spline was used to assess the potential non-linear association and identify the best placement of knots of SZn in relation to the incidence of T2D. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of T2D across the tertile categories of SZn (&lt; 92, 92–122, and ≥ 122&#xa0;μg/dL). Over a median of 6-year follow-up, 17.8% of subjects developed T2D (16.1% and 19.6% in men and women, respectively). A non-linear association was observed between SZn and the incidence of T2D (<i>P</i><sub>non-linearity</sub> = 0.001). Compared to the lowest concentration (&lt; 92&#xa0;μg/dL), SZn ≥ 122&#xa0;μg/dL was associated with a marginally significant reduced risk of T2D by 52% (HR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.23–1.01, <i>P</i> = 0.052) in men. No significant association was observed between SZn concentrations and the incidence of T2D in women. Higher concentrations of SZn may be a protective factor against the progression of iIFG to T2D in men.</p>

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Sex-Specific Association Between Serum Zinc Concentration and Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes in Individuals with Isolated Impaired Fasting Glucose: A Prospective Cohort

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月7日

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  • Zahra Bahadoran,
  • Fereidoun Azizi,
  • Asghar Ghasemi

摘要

This cohort study investigated the possible association between serum zinc (SZn) concentration and risk of progression to type 2 diabetes (T2D) in subjects with isolated impaired fasting glucose (iIFG). SZn concentrations were measured using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) in 585 subjects with iIFG (mean age of 50.2 ± 13.9 y, and 52.1% were men) at baseline (2009–2011), and they were followed for developing T2D up to 2017. A univariate unrestricted regression spline was used to assess the potential non-linear association and identify the best placement of knots of SZn in relation to the incidence of T2D. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of T2D across the tertile categories of SZn (< 92, 92–122, and ≥ 122 μg/dL). Over a median of 6-year follow-up, 17.8% of subjects developed T2D (16.1% and 19.6% in men and women, respectively). A non-linear association was observed between SZn and the incidence of T2D (Pnon-linearity = 0.001). Compared to the lowest concentration (< 92 μg/dL), SZn ≥ 122 μg/dL was associated with a marginally significant reduced risk of T2D by 52% (HR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.23–1.01, P = 0.052) in men. No significant association was observed between SZn concentrations and the incidence of T2D in women. Higher concentrations of SZn may be a protective factor against the progression of iIFG to T2D in men.