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<p>Ultraviolet (UV) radiation accelerates skin aging and carcinogenesis, driving the demand for safer sunscreens. This study evaluated the SPF-enhancing potential of <i>Hippophae rhamnoides</i> (Elaeagnaceae) and <i>Sapindus mukorossi</i> (Sapindaceae) extracts in octocrylene-based oil-in-water emulsions. Formulations with 5% octocrylene ± 5% herbal extracts were assessed for in vitro SPF, antioxidant activity, and stability. The <i>Hippophae rhamnoides</i> and octocrylene combination achieved the highest SPF (15.42 ± 0.60), a 2.4-fold increase over octocrylene alone (6.47 ± 0.74), while <i>Sapindus mukorossi</i> yielded 9.03 ± 0.65. Antioxidant assays showed superior radical scavenging for <i>Hippophae rhamnoides</i> formulations (IC₅₀: 18.4&#xa0;µg/mL) compared with <i>Sapindus mukorossi</i> (29.6&#xa0;µg/mL). All formulations remained physically and chemically stable over 8 weeks. These results demonstrate that <i>Hippophae rhamnoides</i> can markedly enhance photoprotection and reduce synthetic filter load, supporting the development of hybrid herbal-synthetic sunscreens. In vivo validation and photostability testing are recommended.</p>

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Hybrid Herbal-Synthetic Sunscreen Formulations: Boosting SPF With Hippophae Rhamnoides and Sapindus Mukorossi Extracts

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月3日

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  • Pasupathi Murugesan,
  • Kumar Thangarathinam,
  • Natarajan Balasubramanian

摘要

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation accelerates skin aging and carcinogenesis, driving the demand for safer sunscreens. This study evaluated the SPF-enhancing potential of Hippophae rhamnoides (Elaeagnaceae) and Sapindus mukorossi (Sapindaceae) extracts in octocrylene-based oil-in-water emulsions. Formulations with 5% octocrylene ± 5% herbal extracts were assessed for in vitro SPF, antioxidant activity, and stability. The Hippophae rhamnoides and octocrylene combination achieved the highest SPF (15.42 ± 0.60), a 2.4-fold increase over octocrylene alone (6.47 ± 0.74), while Sapindus mukorossi yielded 9.03 ± 0.65. Antioxidant assays showed superior radical scavenging for Hippophae rhamnoides formulations (IC₅₀: 18.4 µg/mL) compared with Sapindus mukorossi (29.6 µg/mL). All formulations remained physically and chemically stable over 8 weeks. These results demonstrate that Hippophae rhamnoides can markedly enhance photoprotection and reduce synthetic filter load, supporting the development of hybrid herbal-synthetic sunscreens. In vivo validation and photostability testing are recommended.