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<p>Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a well-known packaging material; however, its major drawback is the lack of inherent antibacterial properties, which are essential for preventing food spoilage. In the present work, we developed a method to enhance the antibacterial properties of PVA thin films by incorporating nanoparticles (NPs) into the films. Undoped and cobalt (Co)-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized using PVA as a capping agent. The nanoparticles were prepared via chemical precipitation and microwave-assisted methods, and characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The crystallite sizes of the undoped and Co-doped ZnO were found to be 30.6&#xa0;nm and 22.9&#xa0;nm, respectively. SEM imaging revealed variations in surface morphology with different concentrations of PVA capping. PVA thin films containing 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3% of the synthesized nanoparticles were prepared and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria <i>Escherichia coli</i> (MTCC 1559) and Gram-positive bacteria <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> (MTCC 439). The results demonstrated that the incorporation of nanoparticles significantly enhanced the antibacterial activity of the PVA films.</p> Graphical Abstract <p>Shows the mechanism of antibacterial action of PVA ZnO thin film</p> <p></p>

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Fabrication, Characterization, and Antibacterial Performance of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)-Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Thin Films for Packaging Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月3日

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  • Idhallakaval Krishna Naik Muralidhar,
  • Karagadi Ananthaadiga Vishnumurthy,
  • Manjya Naik Madhukara Naik,
  • Manjunath Giridhar,
  • Halenahalli Jayappa Yashwanth,
  • Halehatty Seethya Naik Bhojya Naik,
  • Bahaddurghatta Eshwarappa Kumara Swamy,
  • Kotreshappa Gowdru Manjunath

摘要

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a well-known packaging material; however, its major drawback is the lack of inherent antibacterial properties, which are essential for preventing food spoilage. In the present work, we developed a method to enhance the antibacterial properties of PVA thin films by incorporating nanoparticles (NPs) into the films. Undoped and cobalt (Co)-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized using PVA as a capping agent. The nanoparticles were prepared via chemical precipitation and microwave-assisted methods, and characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The crystallite sizes of the undoped and Co-doped ZnO were found to be 30.6 nm and 22.9 nm, respectively. SEM imaging revealed variations in surface morphology with different concentrations of PVA capping. PVA thin films containing 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3% of the synthesized nanoparticles were prepared and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (MTCC 1559) and Gram-positive bacteria Enterococcus faecalis (MTCC 439). The results demonstrated that the incorporation of nanoparticles significantly enhanced the antibacterial activity of the PVA films.

Graphical Abstract

Shows the mechanism of antibacterial action of PVA ZnO thin film