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<p>This study evaluates the performance of four types of spanner handles—Traditional, T-shaped, Finger Grooves, and Cylindrical—regarding muscle activity, discomfort, heart rate, and muscle fatigue. Surface Electromyography (sEMG) was used to assess muscle strain parameters, including Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction (MVIC) and Mean Power Frequency (MPF). Discomfort levels were evaluated using the Borg CR-10 scale. The results indicate that the T-shaped handle significantly reduces muscle activation, heart rate increase, and discomfort levels, making it the most comfortable and durable option. In contrast, the Traditional handle caused the highest muscle stress and discomfort, highlighting its ergonomic shortcomings. The Cylindrical handle was found to induce less muscle strain than the Traditional design, while the Finger Grooves handle enhanced grip control but did not outperform the T-shaped handle. The findings underscore the importance of ergonomic tool design in reducing muscle load during manual tasks, with the T-shaped handle proving to be the most effective in minimizing muscle fatigue and discomfort.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Ergonomic evaluation of spanner handle designs on muscle strain, heart rate, and comfort using sEMG sensors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月28日

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  • R. Naveenkumar,
  • S. Shankar,
  • R. Nithyaprakash,
  • G. Abbas,
  • A. Saravanan,
  • K. Surya,
  • G. Soma Sundaram,
  • R. Yogeshwaran,
  • Chander Prakash,
  • Alokesh Pramanik,
  • Animesh Kumar Basak

摘要

This study evaluates the performance of four types of spanner handles—Traditional, T-shaped, Finger Grooves, and Cylindrical—regarding muscle activity, discomfort, heart rate, and muscle fatigue. Surface Electromyography (sEMG) was used to assess muscle strain parameters, including Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction (MVIC) and Mean Power Frequency (MPF). Discomfort levels were evaluated using the Borg CR-10 scale. The results indicate that the T-shaped handle significantly reduces muscle activation, heart rate increase, and discomfort levels, making it the most comfortable and durable option. In contrast, the Traditional handle caused the highest muscle stress and discomfort, highlighting its ergonomic shortcomings. The Cylindrical handle was found to induce less muscle strain than the Traditional design, while the Finger Grooves handle enhanced grip control but did not outperform the T-shaped handle. The findings underscore the importance of ergonomic tool design in reducing muscle load during manual tasks, with the T-shaped handle proving to be the most effective in minimizing muscle fatigue and discomfort.

Graphical Abstract