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<p>Integrating Lean principles with Industry 4.0 technologies is critical for modern manufacturing industries. This study develops a Structural Equation Model (SEM) to validate the interplay between Lean practices and Industry 4.0 in driving operational improvements in the heavy fabrication industry. A survey gathered responses from 70 experts across Indian heavy fabrication companies implementing these paradigms. The model includes seven constructs—Shop Floor Operations, Employee Skills, Workplace Culture, Design Development, Customer–Supplier Feedback, Operational Performance, and Business Performance—with 24 associated indicators. Hypotheses linking these constructs were tested using Partial Least Squares SEM (PLS-SEM). Results confirmed strong correlations, with Operational and Business Performance showing significant dependency on Customer–Supplier Feedback and Workplace Culture (correlation values: 0.965 and 0.918, respectively). Employee Skills emerged as the most influential factor for Business Performance (importance: 0.802), while Design Development showed the highest performance (value: 67.36). The findings highlight the synergistic benefits of integrating Lean and Industry 4.0, providing actionable insights for industry leaders to enhance organizational efficiency and competitiveness.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Evaluating performance indicators of lean-industry 4.0 integration in heavy fabrication sector: a structural equation modelling approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月26日

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  • R. Karthikeyan,
  • J. Jerald,
  • L. Rohan

摘要

Integrating Lean principles with Industry 4.0 technologies is critical for modern manufacturing industries. This study develops a Structural Equation Model (SEM) to validate the interplay between Lean practices and Industry 4.0 in driving operational improvements in the heavy fabrication industry. A survey gathered responses from 70 experts across Indian heavy fabrication companies implementing these paradigms. The model includes seven constructs—Shop Floor Operations, Employee Skills, Workplace Culture, Design Development, Customer–Supplier Feedback, Operational Performance, and Business Performance—with 24 associated indicators. Hypotheses linking these constructs were tested using Partial Least Squares SEM (PLS-SEM). Results confirmed strong correlations, with Operational and Business Performance showing significant dependency on Customer–Supplier Feedback and Workplace Culture (correlation values: 0.965 and 0.918, respectively). Employee Skills emerged as the most influential factor for Business Performance (importance: 0.802), while Design Development showed the highest performance (value: 67.36). The findings highlight the synergistic benefits of integrating Lean and Industry 4.0, providing actionable insights for industry leaders to enhance organizational efficiency and competitiveness.

Graphical abstract