Absorption and Scattering: Mechanisms of Matrix Interference and Optimization Strategies for UVC-LED Disinfection in Complex Liquid Foods
摘要
Owing to their adjustable wavelength, environmental friendliness, high energy efficiency, and low thermal radiation, deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (UVC-LEDs) hold great promise for liquid food disinfection applications. However, the complex matrix composition of liquid foods significantly attenuates deep UV light propagation and compromises disinfection efficacy. Based on the disinfection mechanism of UVC-LEDs, this study classifies interfering matrices into two categories: light-absorbing (polyphenols, pigments, vitamins) and light-scattering (suspended particles, protein colloids, fat globules, and bubbles). The former inhibits disinfection through competitive absorption and indirect photodegradation, while the latter causes energy attenuation and shielding. Furthermore, this study investigates the synergistic and antagonistic effects between these two matrix types in complex systems. Based on this mechanistic analysis, process optimization strategies are proposed for light-absorbing matrices, scattering matrices, and complex matrices containing both components. Current challenges include quantitative modeling of matrix-light-microorganism interactions, dynamic process control, and continuous-flow photoreactor design. Future efforts should focus on developing optical property-based intelligent control systems to enable efficient and precise UVC-LED applications in complex liquid food systems.