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<p>A sustainable extraction method was developed and implemented to isolate various bioactive compounds from <i>Physalis peruviana</i> L. fruits and calyces using natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) combined with ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). Among the seven NADES formulations synthesized by pairing choline chloride as the hydrogen bond acceptor with different hydrogen bond donors, the DES composed of choline chloride:lactic acid (1:2) (DES4) demonstrated superior efficiency in extracting phenolic, flavonoid, tannin, and alkaloid compounds from both fruit and calyx matrices. For terpenoid extraction, choline chloride:sucrose (1:2) (DES6) exhibited the highest efficacy, whereas carotenoid recovery was most effective with choline chloride:ethanol (1:2) (DES1). In terms of therapeutic potential, antioxidant activity assessments revealed that DES4 yielded the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity in fruit extracts, while DES5 (choline chloride:citric acid, 1:2) showed superior performance for calyx extracts. FRAP analysis also indicated DES4 as the most potent antioxidant system for fruit extracts, with DES6 being the most effective for calyx samples. In anti-inflammatory assays, DES6 provided the greatest protection against protein denaturation in both fruit and calyx extracts. HPLC analyses of the NADES-derived extracts further supported these findings; DES1 yielded the highest total phenolic content in fruit extracts, while the extract obtained using choline chloride:glycerol (1:2) was richest in phenolics from calyces. Notably, the presence of compounds that are typically inaccessible via conventional extraction techniques across several NADES systems underscores their high performance and broad-spectrum capability. In summary, the NADES-UAE approach offers a high-performance, sustainable procedure for extracting therapeutically relevant secondary metabolites from plant sources. Moreover, <i>P. peruviana</i> demonstrates significant potential as a natural reservoir of compounds with potent therapeutic activities.</p>

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Ultrasound-Assisted Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction of Physalis peruviana L. Fruits and Calyces: Phytochemical Profiling and In Vitro Bioactivity Evaluation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月29日

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  • Hatice Tosyagülü Çelik

摘要

A sustainable extraction method was developed and implemented to isolate various bioactive compounds from Physalis peruviana L. fruits and calyces using natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) combined with ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). Among the seven NADES formulations synthesized by pairing choline chloride as the hydrogen bond acceptor with different hydrogen bond donors, the DES composed of choline chloride:lactic acid (1:2) (DES4) demonstrated superior efficiency in extracting phenolic, flavonoid, tannin, and alkaloid compounds from both fruit and calyx matrices. For terpenoid extraction, choline chloride:sucrose (1:2) (DES6) exhibited the highest efficacy, whereas carotenoid recovery was most effective with choline chloride:ethanol (1:2) (DES1). In terms of therapeutic potential, antioxidant activity assessments revealed that DES4 yielded the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity in fruit extracts, while DES5 (choline chloride:citric acid, 1:2) showed superior performance for calyx extracts. FRAP analysis also indicated DES4 as the most potent antioxidant system for fruit extracts, with DES6 being the most effective for calyx samples. In anti-inflammatory assays, DES6 provided the greatest protection against protein denaturation in both fruit and calyx extracts. HPLC analyses of the NADES-derived extracts further supported these findings; DES1 yielded the highest total phenolic content in fruit extracts, while the extract obtained using choline chloride:glycerol (1:2) was richest in phenolics from calyces. Notably, the presence of compounds that are typically inaccessible via conventional extraction techniques across several NADES systems underscores their high performance and broad-spectrum capability. In summary, the NADES-UAE approach offers a high-performance, sustainable procedure for extracting therapeutically relevant secondary metabolites from plant sources. Moreover, P. peruviana demonstrates significant potential as a natural reservoir of compounds with potent therapeutic activities.