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<p>The demand for natural antioxidants in food, cosmetic, and nutraceutical formulations motivates for more sustainable extraction strategies. Conventional methods for carotenoid extraction are often inefficient, usually combined with organic solvents, highlighting the need for greener, faster, and solvent-free alternatives. This study proposes a one-pot approach, where soybean oil acts simultaneously as the extraction solvent and functional carrier for carotenoids from <i>Cucurbita moschata</i> (pumpkin) pulp, enriching and stabilizing the oil. The carotenoid extraction was first optimized using a high shear disperser (Ultra-Turrax®) under varying conditions of time (1–15&#xa0;min), rotation speed (3000–10,000&#xa0;rpm), and temperature (25–65&#xa0;°C). The process achieved rapid extraction with a maximum recovery of 450&#xa0;µg β-carotene equivalents/g at 65&#xa0;°C, though optimal antioxidant activity and stability were obtained at milder conditions (5000&#xa0;rpm, 9&#xa0;min, 25&#xa0;°C), yielding 348.1&#xa0;µg β-carotene equivalents/g. To understand the effects of the process itself, control samples of soybean oil (without carotenoids) were subjected to the same conditions (5000&#xa0;rpm, 9&#xa0;min, 25 – 65&#xa0;°C). The enrichment not only increased carotenoid content but also improved oxidative resistance of the oil, delaying degradation as shown by higher onset temperatures in thermogravimetric analysis (up to 318.6&#xa0;°C), lower values of extinction coefficients, and minor changes in fatty acid profiles compared to controls. These results highlight the dual role of carotenoids in enriching and protecting the oil matrix, supporting the potential of high-shear, one-pot processing as a sustainable and fast-time method for producing functional oils.</p>

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One-Pot Extraction and Functionalization of Soybean Oil withCucurbita moschata Natural Carotenoids: High Shear-Assisted Extraction and Oxidative Stability Evaluation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月10日

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  • Manuel O. G. Gonzalez,
  • Cassamo U. Mussagy,
  • Arion Zandoná Filho,
  • Marcos R. Mafra,
  • Fabiane O. Farias

摘要

The demand for natural antioxidants in food, cosmetic, and nutraceutical formulations motivates for more sustainable extraction strategies. Conventional methods for carotenoid extraction are often inefficient, usually combined with organic solvents, highlighting the need for greener, faster, and solvent-free alternatives. This study proposes a one-pot approach, where soybean oil acts simultaneously as the extraction solvent and functional carrier for carotenoids from Cucurbita moschata (pumpkin) pulp, enriching and stabilizing the oil. The carotenoid extraction was first optimized using a high shear disperser (Ultra-Turrax®) under varying conditions of time (1–15 min), rotation speed (3000–10,000 rpm), and temperature (25–65 °C). The process achieved rapid extraction with a maximum recovery of 450 µg β-carotene equivalents/g at 65 °C, though optimal antioxidant activity and stability were obtained at milder conditions (5000 rpm, 9 min, 25 °C), yielding 348.1 µg β-carotene equivalents/g. To understand the effects of the process itself, control samples of soybean oil (without carotenoids) were subjected to the same conditions (5000 rpm, 9 min, 25 – 65 °C). The enrichment not only increased carotenoid content but also improved oxidative resistance of the oil, delaying degradation as shown by higher onset temperatures in thermogravimetric analysis (up to 318.6 °C), lower values of extinction coefficients, and minor changes in fatty acid profiles compared to controls. These results highlight the dual role of carotenoids in enriching and protecting the oil matrix, supporting the potential of high-shear, one-pot processing as a sustainable and fast-time method for producing functional oils.