<p>The global food packaging industry is witnessing a paradigm shift towards sustainable solutions, driven by escalating environmental concerns linked to traditional petroleum-based plastics. This review explores the rising demand for biopolymers in food packaging, focusing on their innovative applications, sustainability, and integration within the circular economy. It begins with an overview of biopolymers, defining and classifying them into polysaccharides, proteins, and polyesters, while tracing their historical evolution and current market status. Emerging biopolymer materials such as polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), and bio-based nanomaterials are described for their unique properties and applications in food packaging. Results from various relevant studies described compared and included in this work, reinforcing the discussions on the effectiveness and advantages of biopolymers. The review delves into sustainability aspects, discussing life cycle assessments, biodegradability, renewable sourcing, waste management, and end-of-life strategies for biopolymers. Technological advancements in smart packaging, including sensors and active packaging features, are highlighted, showcasing their potential to enhance food safety and preservation. The review also addresses application-specific innovations across various food sectors, regulatory and safety considerations, cost and commercial feasibility, consumer perceptions, and market adoption trends. Overall, this review denotes the significance of biopolymers as a viable alternative in sustainable food packaging, advocating for continued research and development to enhance their market viability and environmental benefits.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>