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<p>Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are emerging as promising eco-friendly solvents for various applications such as product extraction and quality preservation. However, their high viscosity may hinder their effectiveness. Therefore, incorporating water into DES can effectively mitigate this limitation. This study aims to assess how DES (choline chloride:glycerol (1:2)) hydration affects proteinous nitrogen diffusion, considering different extraction durations and mild temperatures (25–45 °C). The degree of DES hydration was identified as the most significant parameter influencing the extraction efficiency. The incorporation of high water content (~50–70%), creating a transition toward a “DES-in-water” system, allowed a nitrogen transfer similar to that mediated by pure water. This result may indicate disruption of the specific H-bonded DES complex. Although using 60% of DES at 45 °C revealed the lowest N yield, the protein’s molecular weight distribution suggested the presence of β-conglycinin (7S) and the acidic subunit of Glycinin (11S) fractions of soybean. Despite the fluorescence analysis showing no impurities such as oxidized lipid or Maillard reaction conjugates, the protein was denatured.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Assessing Deep Eutectic Solvent Efficiency by Optimizing Soybean Protein Extraction

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月1日

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  • Chaima Neji,
  • Arjun Muthu,
  • Diána Ungai,
  • Emese Seres,
  • Éva Domokos-Szabolcsy,
  • József Prokisch,
  • Endre Máthé,
  • Péter Sipos

摘要

Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are emerging as promising eco-friendly solvents for various applications such as product extraction and quality preservation. However, their high viscosity may hinder their effectiveness. Therefore, incorporating water into DES can effectively mitigate this limitation. This study aims to assess how DES (choline chloride:glycerol (1:2)) hydration affects proteinous nitrogen diffusion, considering different extraction durations and mild temperatures (25–45 °C). The degree of DES hydration was identified as the most significant parameter influencing the extraction efficiency. The incorporation of high water content (~50–70%), creating a transition toward a “DES-in-water” system, allowed a nitrogen transfer similar to that mediated by pure water. This result may indicate disruption of the specific H-bonded DES complex. Although using 60% of DES at 45 °C revealed the lowest N yield, the protein’s molecular weight distribution suggested the presence of β-conglycinin (7S) and the acidic subunit of Glycinin (11S) fractions of soybean. Despite the fluorescence analysis showing no impurities such as oxidized lipid or Maillard reaction conjugates, the protein was denatured.

Graphical Abstract