Intelligent Aerogels Based on Corn Starch-Chitosan Containing Montmorillonite Nanoparticles and Chrysanthemum indicum Petal Anthocyanins: Preparation, Characterization, and Application in Monitoring Food Spoilage
摘要
This study aims to incorporate Chrysanthemum indicum petals’ extract (CIE) into carboxymethyl cellulose nanofibers by the electrospinning technique and design corn starch-chitosan (CS-CH) aerogels enriched with encapsulated CIE 6% and montmorillonite (MMT, 0.5%) by a freeze-drying process to track the freshness of rainbow trout fillets using corresponding pH-sensitive aerogels during 6 days of storage under chilled conditions. The thickness, maximum stress, water solubility, moisture content, and water vapor sorption capacity of the developed CS-CH aerogels were 0.38–0.39 cm, 2.83–37.51 MPa, 5.49–59.80%, 0.10–0.17%, and 0.24–4.12%, respectively. The colors of pH-sensitive CS-CH + CIE 6% and CS-CH + CIE 6% + MMT 0.5% aerogels were red, purplish-red, blue, peacock blue, and brown at pH 1–4, 5–6, 7, 8, and 9–10, respectively. After 4 days of refrigerated storage of the rainbow trout fillets, the initial white color of the CS-CH + CIE 6% and CS-CH + CIE 6% + MMT 0.5% aerogels rapidly turned blue, while the total viable count, psychrotrophic bacterial count, total volatile basic nitrogen, and pH of the samples reached 7.34 log CFU/g, 5.89 log CFU/g, 25.59 mg N/100 g, and 7.12, respectively, indicating that the samples spoiled and were no longer acceptable for human utilization.