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Purpose of Review <p>Mucosal injury of the alimentary tract (mucositis) has been a consistent, markedly symptomatic, and clinically disruptive side effect of conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiotherapy regimens since their inception. Despite its impact, mucositis remains a significant unmet clinical need as available treatment options are sparse. This review uses oral mucositis as a predicate regimen-related toxicity to provide a comparative discussion of the pathobiology, clinical features, and risk factors of regimen-related mucosal injury by therapy class.</p> Recent Findings <p>The alimentary tract, especially the mouth, has not escaped collateral damage from newer forms of cancer therapy including targeted agents, immunotherapy, and antibody-drug conjugates. A critical assessment of the field reveals persistent challenges that have hindered the development of effective, mechanistically-based treatments across both conventional and emerging therapy classes.</p> Summary <p>Recognizing the consistent observation that regimen-related toxicities routinely occur in clusters, common pathobiological underpinnings are noted in support of unified, systemic mitigation strategies.</p>

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Regimen-Related Oral Mucosal Injury: Pathobiology, Clinical Consequences and Rationale for Intervention Across Cancer Treatment Modalities

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月25日

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  • Stephen Sonis,
  • Hannah Wardill,
  • Alessandro Villa

摘要

Purpose of Review

Mucosal injury of the alimentary tract (mucositis) has been a consistent, markedly symptomatic, and clinically disruptive side effect of conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiotherapy regimens since their inception. Despite its impact, mucositis remains a significant unmet clinical need as available treatment options are sparse. This review uses oral mucositis as a predicate regimen-related toxicity to provide a comparative discussion of the pathobiology, clinical features, and risk factors of regimen-related mucosal injury by therapy class.

Recent Findings

The alimentary tract, especially the mouth, has not escaped collateral damage from newer forms of cancer therapy including targeted agents, immunotherapy, and antibody-drug conjugates. A critical assessment of the field reveals persistent challenges that have hindered the development of effective, mechanistically-based treatments across both conventional and emerging therapy classes.

Summary

Recognizing the consistent observation that regimen-related toxicities routinely occur in clusters, common pathobiological underpinnings are noted in support of unified, systemic mitigation strategies.