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<p>This study aimed to assess consumer spray products containing target metals, particularly focusing on solution levels and airborne levels after spraying from 124 products in spray products using an Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and an Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer. The spray release method classified consumer products into propellant and trigger types, and air levels were measured at distances of 1&#xa0;m, 3&#xa0;m, and 5&#xa0;m from the clean room. Of the 19 measured target metals, 18 were detected in consumer product solutions, while Cd was not detected. Propellant-type coating products showed higher Si levels than trigger-type coating products (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05), and Si showed the highest airborne concentrations at 1, 3, and 5&#xa0;m. Nanomaterials such as Si and Ti were detected in higher levels than other target metals (Pb, Ni, and Cr) at the furthest distance of 5&#xa0;m. In conclusion, target metals were detected in the product solution and the air. In conclusion, Ti and Si were frequently identified in both product solutions and air samples, indicating their potential relevance for inhalation exposure following spray use. Therefore, consumer spray products should be used with caution and in well-ventilated environments, as airborne metal exposure may occur during spray use.</p>

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Assessment and characteristics of target metal levels in consumer spray products

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月2日

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  • Sung Ho Hwang,
  • Jongmin Park,
  • Minjung Kim,
  • Myoung Ho Lee,
  • Kiyoung Lee,
  • Kyung-Duk Zoh,
  • Chung Sik Yoon

摘要

This study aimed to assess consumer spray products containing target metals, particularly focusing on solution levels and airborne levels after spraying from 124 products in spray products using an Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and an Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer. The spray release method classified consumer products into propellant and trigger types, and air levels were measured at distances of 1 m, 3 m, and 5 m from the clean room. Of the 19 measured target metals, 18 were detected in consumer product solutions, while Cd was not detected. Propellant-type coating products showed higher Si levels than trigger-type coating products (p > 0.05), and Si showed the highest airborne concentrations at 1, 3, and 5 m. Nanomaterials such as Si and Ti were detected in higher levels than other target metals (Pb, Ni, and Cr) at the furthest distance of 5 m. In conclusion, target metals were detected in the product solution and the air. In conclusion, Ti and Si were frequently identified in both product solutions and air samples, indicating their potential relevance for inhalation exposure following spray use. Therefore, consumer spray products should be used with caution and in well-ventilated environments, as airborne metal exposure may occur during spray use.