<p>In this work, we prove the strong and weak estimates for a class of bilinear fiber-wise pseudo-differential operators. More precisely, we consider <Equation ID="Equ48"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11868_2025_717_Article_Equ48.gif" Format="GIF" Height="41" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="420" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \int _{\mathbb {R}^{4}}a(x_2,\xi _1,\xi _2,\eta _2){\widehat{F}}(\xi ){\widehat{G}}(\eta )e^{2\pi ix\cdot (\xi +\eta )}d\xi d\eta ,\quad F,G \in \mathcal {S}(\mathbb {R}^2), \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </msup> </msub> <mi>a</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>ξ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>ξ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>η</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi>F</mi> <mo stretchy="true">^</mo> </mover> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>ξ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi>G</mi> <mo stretchy="true">^</mo> </mover> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>η</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>x</mi> <mo>·</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>ξ</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>η</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mi>d</mi> <mi>ξ</mi> <mi>d</mi> <mi>η</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="1em" /> <mi>F</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="script">S</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where the symbol <i>a</i> is assumed belonging to the Hörmander class <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11868_2025_717_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="23" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="88" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(S^0_{1,\delta }(\mathbb {R}\times \mathbb {R}^{3})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>S</mi> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>δ</mi> </mrow> <mn>0</mn> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo>×</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> (<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11868_2025_717_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="71" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(0\le \delta &lt;1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>δ</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>). The study of such specific structure of the symbol <i>a</i> is motivated by the work of Kovač V.: Boundedness of the twisted paraproduct. Rev. Mat. Iberoam. 28(4), 1143–1164 (2012), and Bernicot, F., Durcik, P.: Boundedness of somemulti-parameter fiber-wisemultiplier operators. Indiana 554 Univ. Math. J. 71(5), 2063–2098 (2022), where certain twisted and fiber-wise Fourier multipliers are investigated. Those Fourier multipliers may contain symbols acting on twisted fibers of two-dimensional functions, in contrast to the classical product-type bi-parameter structure. The above operator can be considered as the pseudo-differential analogue of a specific fiber-wise multiplier in Bernicot, F., Durcik, P.: Boundedness of somemulti-parameter fiber-wisemultiplier operators. Indiana 554 Univ. Math. J. 71(5), 2063–2098 (2022), and we will establish its strong and weak <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11868_2025_717_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="20" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(L^p\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mi>p</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> estimates.</p>

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Strong and weak estimates of a class of bilinear fiber-wise pseudo-differential operators

  • Nuan Feng,
  • Lu Zhang

摘要

In this work, we prove the strong and weak estimates for a class of bilinear fiber-wise pseudo-differential operators. More precisely, we consider \(\begin{aligned} \int _{\mathbb {R}^{4}}a(x_2,\xi _1,\xi _2,\eta _2){\widehat{F}}(\xi ){\widehat{G}}(\eta )e^{2\pi ix\cdot (\xi +\eta )}d\xi d\eta ,\quad F,G \in \mathcal {S}(\mathbb {R}^2), \end{aligned}\) R 4 a ( x 2 , ξ 1 , ξ 2 , η 2 ) F ^ ( ξ ) G ^ ( η ) e 2 π i x · ( ξ + η ) d ξ d η , F , G S ( R 2 ) , where the symbol a is assumed belonging to the Hörmander class \(S^0_{1,\delta }(\mathbb {R}\times \mathbb {R}^{3})\) S 1 , δ 0 ( R × R 3 ) ( \(0\le \delta <1\) 0 δ < 1 ). The study of such specific structure of the symbol a is motivated by the work of Kovač V.: Boundedness of the twisted paraproduct. Rev. Mat. Iberoam. 28(4), 1143–1164 (2012), and Bernicot, F., Durcik, P.: Boundedness of somemulti-parameter fiber-wisemultiplier operators. Indiana 554 Univ. Math. J. 71(5), 2063–2098 (2022), where certain twisted and fiber-wise Fourier multipliers are investigated. Those Fourier multipliers may contain symbols acting on twisted fibers of two-dimensional functions, in contrast to the classical product-type bi-parameter structure. The above operator can be considered as the pseudo-differential analogue of a specific fiber-wise multiplier in Bernicot, F., Durcik, P.: Boundedness of somemulti-parameter fiber-wisemultiplier operators. Indiana 554 Univ. Math. J. 71(5), 2063–2098 (2022), and we will establish its strong and weak \(L^p\) L p estimates.