<p>Let <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathscr{X}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">X</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> be the boundary complex of a (<i>d</i>+1)-polytope, and let <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\rho (d + 1,k) = \frac{1}{2}\left[ {\left( {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {\left\lceil {(d + 1)/2} \right\rceil } \\ {d - k} \end{array}} \right)} \right] + \left[ {\left( {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {\left\lfloor {(d + 1)/2} \right\rfloor } \\ {d - k} \end{array}} \right)} \right]\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>ρ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtable columnspacing="1em" rowspacing="4pt"> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow> <mo>⌈</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mo>⌉</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>d</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>k</mi> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtable columnspacing="1em" rowspacing="4pt"> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow> <mo>⌊</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mo>⌋</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>d</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>k</mi> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Recently, the author, answering Bárány’s question from 1998, proved that for all <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lfloor {{{d - 1} \over 2}}\rfloor \le k \le d\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mo fence="false" stretchy="false">⌊</mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </mrow> <mo fence="false" stretchy="false">⌋</mo> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>d</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> <Equation ID="Equ1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f_{k}({\mathscr{X}})\ge \rho(d+1,k)f_{d}(\mathscr{X}).\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">X</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>≥</mo> <mi>ρ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">X</mi> </mrow> <mo mathvariant="script" stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo mathvariant="script">.</mo> </math></EquationSource> </Equation></p><p>We prove a generalization: if <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathscr{X}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">X</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a shellable, strongly regular CW sphere or CW ball of dimension <i>d</i>, then for all <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lfloor {{{d - 1} \over 2}} \rfloor \le k \le d\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mo fence="false" stretchy="false">⌊</mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </mrow> <mo fence="false" stretchy="false">⌋</mo> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>d</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> <Equation ID="Equ2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f_{k}({\mathscr{X}})\ge \rho(d+1,k)f_{d}({\mathscr{X}})+{1\over 2}f_{k}(\partial\mathscr{X}),\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">X</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>≥</mo> <mi>ρ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">X</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∂</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">X</mi> </mrow> <mo mathvariant="script" stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo mathvariant="script">,</mo> </math></EquationSource> </Equation> with equality precisely when <i>k = d</i> or when <i>k = d</i> − 1 and <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathscr{X}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">X</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is simplicial. We further prove that if <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathscr{S}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">S</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a strongly regular CW sphere of dimension <i>d</i>, and the face poset of <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathscr{S}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">S</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is both CL-shellable and dual CL-shellable, then <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f_{k}({\mathscr{S}})\ge\text{min}\{f_{0}({\mathscr{S}}),f_{d}({\mathscr{S}})\}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">S</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>≥</mo> <mtext>min</mtext> <mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">S</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">S</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for all 0 ≤ <i>k</i> ≤ <i>d</i>.</p>

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Face numbers of shellable CW balls and spheres

  • Joshua Hinman

摘要

Let \(\mathscr{X}\) X be the boundary complex of a (d+1)-polytope, and let \(\rho (d + 1,k) = \frac{1}{2}\left[ {\left( {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {\left\lceil {(d + 1)/2} \right\rceil } \\ {d - k} \end{array}} \right)} \right] + \left[ {\left( {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {\left\lfloor {(d + 1)/2} \right\rfloor } \\ {d - k} \end{array}} \right)} \right]\) ρ ( d + 1 , k ) = 1 2 [ ( ( d + 1 ) / 2 d k ) ] + [ ( ( d + 1 ) / 2 d k ) ] . Recently, the author, answering Bárány’s question from 1998, proved that for all \(\lfloor {{{d - 1} \over 2}}\rfloor \le k \le d\) d 1 2 k d \(f_{k}({\mathscr{X}})\ge \rho(d+1,k)f_{d}(\mathscr{X}).\) f k ( X ) ρ ( d + 1 , k ) f d ( X ) .

We prove a generalization: if \({\mathscr{X}}\) X is a shellable, strongly regular CW sphere or CW ball of dimension d, then for all \(\lfloor {{{d - 1} \over 2}} \rfloor \le k \le d\) d 1 2 k d \(f_{k}({\mathscr{X}})\ge \rho(d+1,k)f_{d}({\mathscr{X}})+{1\over 2}f_{k}(\partial\mathscr{X}),\) f k ( X ) ρ ( d + 1 , k ) f d ( X ) + 1 2 f k ( X ) , with equality precisely when k = d or when k = d − 1 and \({\mathscr{X}}\) X is simplicial. We further prove that if \({\mathscr{S}}\) S is a strongly regular CW sphere of dimension d, and the face poset of \({\mathscr{S}}\) S is both CL-shellable and dual CL-shellable, then \(f_{k}({\mathscr{S}})\ge\text{min}\{f_{0}({\mathscr{S}}),f_{d}({\mathscr{S}})\}\) f k ( S ) min { f 0 ( S ) , f d ( S ) } for all 0 ≤ kd.