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<p>Coastal zones in Bangladesh are increasingly affected by ecological degradation due to rapid land use changes, population growth, and climatic stressors. Earlier research in Bangladesh has primarily focused on urban areas, often neglecting the unique ecological challenges faced by coastal zones. Employing several indicators of the Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI), including greenness (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index [NDVI]), moisture (WET), heat (Land Surface Temperature [LST]), and dryness (Normalized Difference Bare Soil Index [NDBSI]), this study analysed the spatiotemporal variations in Ecological Environment Quality (EEQ) in the exposed coastal zone (ECZ) of Bangladesh during 2003-2023. Spatial autocorrelation (Moran’s I and LISA) and Geodetector analyses were employed to evaluate spatial clustering and driving factors. The results show that the average RSEI values for 2003, 2008, 2013, 2018, and 2023 were 0.51, 0.504, 0.499, 0.549, and 0.515, respectively. The western Sundarbans region predominantly exhibited good and excellent EEQ levels, while the central and eastern parts revealed poor and fair EEQ levels. Moran’s I values (&gt; 0.95) and the LISA cluster map indicated strong positive spatial heterogeneity and geographic self-correlation in EEQ. “H-H” (high-high) clusters were dispersed in the western Sundarbans region, representing areas with consistently high EEQ. In contrast, “L-L” (low-low) clusters were centered in the eastern and central parts, indicating areas with consistently low EEQ. Geodetector results identified land use land cover (q = 0.55) and vegetation (q = 0.50) as the dominant factors influencing RSEI, while the interaction between vegetation and population showed the strongest combined effect (q = 0.72). This comprehensive analysis provides a nuanced understanding of ecological changes occurring in Bangladesh’s coastal zones, highlighting the significance of integrated coastal zone management.</p>

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Unveiling spatial patterns and drivers of ecological environmental quality change in the exposed coastal zone of Bangladesh

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月14日

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  • Md. Riyadul Haque,
  • Md Lokman Hossain,
  • Mohammed Abdus Salam,
  • Muhammad Moniruzzaman,
  • Md. Kamruzzaman Tusar,
  • Momotaj Ara Mou,
  • Jianfeng Li,
  • Aishia Fyruz Aishi

摘要

Coastal zones in Bangladesh are increasingly affected by ecological degradation due to rapid land use changes, population growth, and climatic stressors. Earlier research in Bangladesh has primarily focused on urban areas, often neglecting the unique ecological challenges faced by coastal zones. Employing several indicators of the Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI), including greenness (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index [NDVI]), moisture (WET), heat (Land Surface Temperature [LST]), and dryness (Normalized Difference Bare Soil Index [NDBSI]), this study analysed the spatiotemporal variations in Ecological Environment Quality (EEQ) in the exposed coastal zone (ECZ) of Bangladesh during 2003-2023. Spatial autocorrelation (Moran’s I and LISA) and Geodetector analyses were employed to evaluate spatial clustering and driving factors. The results show that the average RSEI values for 2003, 2008, 2013, 2018, and 2023 were 0.51, 0.504, 0.499, 0.549, and 0.515, respectively. The western Sundarbans region predominantly exhibited good and excellent EEQ levels, while the central and eastern parts revealed poor and fair EEQ levels. Moran’s I values (> 0.95) and the LISA cluster map indicated strong positive spatial heterogeneity and geographic self-correlation in EEQ. “H-H” (high-high) clusters were dispersed in the western Sundarbans region, representing areas with consistently high EEQ. In contrast, “L-L” (low-low) clusters were centered in the eastern and central parts, indicating areas with consistently low EEQ. Geodetector results identified land use land cover (q = 0.55) and vegetation (q = 0.50) as the dominant factors influencing RSEI, while the interaction between vegetation and population showed the strongest combined effect (q = 0.72). This comprehensive analysis provides a nuanced understanding of ecological changes occurring in Bangladesh’s coastal zones, highlighting the significance of integrated coastal zone management.