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<p>Roxithromycin, an antibiotic, adversely affects coral health, but the molecular mechanisms are unclear. This study examines the concentration-dependent molecular response of corals to an emerging contaminant, roxithromycin exposure, focusing on gene expression and biological pathway activation. In this study, corals were exposed to roxithromycin at concentrations of 67 ng/L, 134 ng/L, and 268 ng/L., with zero exposure being the control. Gene expression was analyzed using gene enrichment analysis, examining differentially expressed genes, gene ontology (GO) terms, and activated genome pathways. A concentration-dependent response was observed. Low concentrations (67 ng/L) led to more downregulated than upregulated genes, indicating suppressed metabolic and cellular pathways. Medium (134 ng/L) and high (268 ng/L) concentrations caused significant gene upregulation, indicating activation of stress response and repair mechanisms. Low concentrations affected signaling and receptor activities, focusing on external stimulus response. Medium concentrations activated transporter activities and immune responses, reflecting adaptation. High concentrations elicited broad transducer and signaling receptor activities, with marked responses to biotic stimuli and extracellular changes. Low concentrations influenced immune and stress-related pathways (NOD-like receptor signaling, shigellosis). Medium concentrations activated pathways related to protein degradation (ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis) and structural signaling (axon guidance). High concentrations triggered strong immune responses (salmonella infection, NOD-like receptor signaling) and stress-related pathways (pathway in cancer). Various transcription factors (CSL, zf-C2H2, THAP) were consistently involved across different concentrations, highlighting their roles in stress response and adaptation. These findings enhance understanding of coral resilience and vulnerability to environmental pollutants, indicating the need for further research on specific pathways and long-term effects on coral health.</p>

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A comparative molecular expression of short-term toxicological effects of an emerging contaminant, antibiotic roxithromycin on coral survival: a coastal management and conservation perspective

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月10日

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  • Feng Yan,
  • Zhiguang Niu

摘要

Roxithromycin, an antibiotic, adversely affects coral health, but the molecular mechanisms are unclear. This study examines the concentration-dependent molecular response of corals to an emerging contaminant, roxithromycin exposure, focusing on gene expression and biological pathway activation. In this study, corals were exposed to roxithromycin at concentrations of 67 ng/L, 134 ng/L, and 268 ng/L., with zero exposure being the control. Gene expression was analyzed using gene enrichment analysis, examining differentially expressed genes, gene ontology (GO) terms, and activated genome pathways. A concentration-dependent response was observed. Low concentrations (67 ng/L) led to more downregulated than upregulated genes, indicating suppressed metabolic and cellular pathways. Medium (134 ng/L) and high (268 ng/L) concentrations caused significant gene upregulation, indicating activation of stress response and repair mechanisms. Low concentrations affected signaling and receptor activities, focusing on external stimulus response. Medium concentrations activated transporter activities and immune responses, reflecting adaptation. High concentrations elicited broad transducer and signaling receptor activities, with marked responses to biotic stimuli and extracellular changes. Low concentrations influenced immune and stress-related pathways (NOD-like receptor signaling, shigellosis). Medium concentrations activated pathways related to protein degradation (ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis) and structural signaling (axon guidance). High concentrations triggered strong immune responses (salmonella infection, NOD-like receptor signaling) and stress-related pathways (pathway in cancer). Various transcription factors (CSL, zf-C2H2, THAP) were consistently involved across different concentrations, highlighting their roles in stress response and adaptation. These findings enhance understanding of coral resilience and vulnerability to environmental pollutants, indicating the need for further research on specific pathways and long-term effects on coral health.