Eosinophilic fasciitis (EF): an unusual case presentation with literature review
摘要
Eosinophilic fasciitis (EF) is a rare connective tissue disorder that presents as a sclerodermiform syndrome, characterized by inflammation and thickening of the muscular fascia and subcutaneous tissue due to eosinophilic infiltration. Although its exact etiology is unclear, strenuous exercise and trauma have been proposed as potential triggers. The objective of this brief report is to present a case of eosinophilic fasciitis (EF) and highlight the essential role of accurate laboratory interpretation combined with effective clinician communication in optimizing patient management. We describe the case of a 27-year-old male who presented with acute limb edema, painful stiffness, and rapidly progressive fibrosis causing restricted joint mobility. Diagnostic evaluation included laboratory investigations and histopathological confirmation via deep skin biopsy. Laboratory findings revealed peripheral eosinophilia, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and hypergammaglobulinemia. Based on clinical presentation and histopathology, a diagnosis of EF was made. The patient received high-dose glucocorticoids in the form of methylprednisolone pulse therapy, which led to marked clinical improvement. Edema, pain, and stiffness resolved significantly, and joint mobility was restored. This case emphasizes the importance of early recognition and prompt initiation of immunosuppressive therapy in EF. Early intervention with glucocorticoids can reverse symptoms and prevent long-term disability. A review of clinical features, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic response is provided to guide clinicians in effectively managing this uncommon condition.