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Background <p>This study aimed to examine the associations between childhood trauma, dissociative symptoms, and psychotic experiences in individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and to identify predictors of psychotic symptom severity.</p> Methods <p>A total of 80 BPD patients and 80 healthy controls were assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-28), the Dissociation Questionnaire (DIS-Q), and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) positive symptom subscale. Regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the predictive value of childhood trauma and dissociation on psychotic symptoms.</p> Results <p>BPD patients reported significantly higher levels of childhood trauma across all subtypes compared to controls (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Dissociative symptoms were also significantly elevated in the BPD group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and positively correlated with both childhood trauma (<i>r</i> = 0.610, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) and psychotic symptoms (<i>r</i> = 0.535, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Regression analyses identified childhood trauma (β = 0.403, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and dissociative symptoms (β = 0.289, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) as significant predictors of psychotic symptom severity, collectively explaining 38.8% of the variance (Adjusted R² = 0.380, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Notably, rather than specific trauma subtypes, the cumulative burden of trauma was more strongly associated with psychotic features.</p> Conclusions <p>Our findings underscore the substantial role of childhood trauma and dissociation in shaping psychotic symptomatology in BPD. Given the high prevalence of trauma exposure and dissociative symptoms in this population, trauma-informed assessment and intervention strategies are essential for effective clinical management. Further longitudinal studies are needed to clarify causal pathways and improve targeted treatments.</p>

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The influence of childhood trauma and dissociation on psychotic symptoms in borderline personality disorder

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月26日

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  • Selin Laçin,
  • Hasan Belli,
  • Hasan Gökçay

摘要

Background

This study aimed to examine the associations between childhood trauma, dissociative symptoms, and psychotic experiences in individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and to identify predictors of psychotic symptom severity.

Methods

A total of 80 BPD patients and 80 healthy controls were assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-28), the Dissociation Questionnaire (DIS-Q), and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) positive symptom subscale. Regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the predictive value of childhood trauma and dissociation on psychotic symptoms.

Results

BPD patients reported significantly higher levels of childhood trauma across all subtypes compared to controls (p < 0.001). Dissociative symptoms were also significantly elevated in the BPD group (p < 0.001) and positively correlated with both childhood trauma (r = 0.610, p < 0.01) and psychotic symptoms (r = 0.535, p < 0.01). Regression analyses identified childhood trauma (β = 0.403, p < 0.001) and dissociative symptoms (β = 0.289, p < 0.001) as significant predictors of psychotic symptom severity, collectively explaining 38.8% of the variance (Adjusted R² = 0.380, p < 0.001). Notably, rather than specific trauma subtypes, the cumulative burden of trauma was more strongly associated with psychotic features.

Conclusions

Our findings underscore the substantial role of childhood trauma and dissociation in shaping psychotic symptomatology in BPD. Given the high prevalence of trauma exposure and dissociative symptoms in this population, trauma-informed assessment and intervention strategies are essential for effective clinical management. Further longitudinal studies are needed to clarify causal pathways and improve targeted treatments.