Aim <p>This study aimed to examine the relationship between parents’ confidence in childhood vaccines and their vaccine attitudes, and to identify factors influencing parents’ vaccine attitudes.</p> Method <p>A cross-sectional research design. The data collected from 110 parents of children attending a Pediatrics Clinic in western Türkiye. The data collected by utilizing Personal Information Form, the Vaccination Confidence Scale (VCS), and the Vaccine Attitudes Scale (VAS). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA.</p> Results <p>Parents’ confidence in childhood vaccinations was found to be at a moderate level, while vaccine attitudes were relatively high. Approximately 16% of participants believed vaccines were unnecessary. A strong negative correlation was identified between vaccine confidence and negative vaccine attitudes, indicating that higher confidence was associated with fewer negative attitudes (<i>r</i>= -0.722, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Regression analysis revealed that parents’ confidence in vaccines (β=-0.547) and their beliefs regarding vaccine necessity were significant predictors of vaccine attitudes (β=-0.319).</p> Conclusion <p>The study highlights that moderate confidence and relatively high negative attitudes exist among parents regarding childhood vaccinations. It is essential for public health nurses to increase parents’ trust through accurate information and transparent communication in order to reduce negative attitudes and support participation in vaccination programs.</p>