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<p>Over the past 40&#xa0;years, community forestry has been successful to improve forest condition and contribute to the livelihood of the local people. However, income diversification to non-farm activities and the availability of alternative energy is reducing the sole dependency of people on the forest for their livelihood. This has resulted in a new wave in community forestry, which has been emerging in current literature. Considering the current scenario, this study aims to understand the impacts of changing socio-economic context on the management practices and processes of community forests. The study draws from a series of semi-structured household surveys (n = 90), Key informant interviews (n = 6) and focal group discussions (n = 2) to gather data on linkage between changing socio-economic context and its implications on community forestry practices in the last 10&#xa0;years in two community forest user groups in Parbat district of Nepal. The results indicated that the farm-forest based livelihood options have rapidly transformed into non-farm livelihood options. Likewise, reduced consumption of forest products has led to decreased product extraction from forests. Overall, the study revealed the decline in the people’s participation in forest management activities and planning process of community forests. Likewise, emergence of diverse non-farm livelihood options and affordable market substitutes for forest-based products have significantly altered the forest-people relationship in rural areas. This study underscores the necessity of reorienting community forestry objectives to reflect shifting socio-economic dynamics and local priorities. It advocates restructuring CFUG governance arrangements and revising incentive mechanisms to revitalize community participation and strengthen governance in forest conservation and management.</p>

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Community Forestry at a Crossroads: Amidst Socio-Economic Shifts in Nepal’s Mid-Hills

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月6日

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  • Suruchi Bhattarai,
  • Ashish Poudel,
  • Lila Puri,
  • Bikash Adhikari

摘要

Over the past 40 years, community forestry has been successful to improve forest condition and contribute to the livelihood of the local people. However, income diversification to non-farm activities and the availability of alternative energy is reducing the sole dependency of people on the forest for their livelihood. This has resulted in a new wave in community forestry, which has been emerging in current literature. Considering the current scenario, this study aims to understand the impacts of changing socio-economic context on the management practices and processes of community forests. The study draws from a series of semi-structured household surveys (n = 90), Key informant interviews (n = 6) and focal group discussions (n = 2) to gather data on linkage between changing socio-economic context and its implications on community forestry practices in the last 10 years in two community forest user groups in Parbat district of Nepal. The results indicated that the farm-forest based livelihood options have rapidly transformed into non-farm livelihood options. Likewise, reduced consumption of forest products has led to decreased product extraction from forests. Overall, the study revealed the decline in the people’s participation in forest management activities and planning process of community forests. Likewise, emergence of diverse non-farm livelihood options and affordable market substitutes for forest-based products have significantly altered the forest-people relationship in rural areas. This study underscores the necessity of reorienting community forestry objectives to reflect shifting socio-economic dynamics and local priorities. It advocates restructuring CFUG governance arrangements and revising incentive mechanisms to revitalize community participation and strengthen governance in forest conservation and management.