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<p>Single-pass multi-layer thin-walled components of high-strength alloy steel were fabricated using the Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) process. JMatPro software was employed to simulate the metal phase diagram, which determined the 800°C quenching process. Following the WAAM process, a quenching heat treatment was applied to achieve homogenization of microstructures and mechanical properties throughout the built component. This treatment aimed to mitigate the anisotropies and gradients inherent in the layer-by-layer deposition process. In this study, specimens from different positions and orientations of the steel wall were systematically categorized and subjected to optimized heat treatment. Experimental results demonstrated that untreated specimens exhibited elemental segregation, uneven hardness distribution, and inhomogeneous microstructure characteristics across different orientations. After implementing the 800°C/0.5-h holding treatment followed by quenching, all cross-sections exhibited convergent microstructural features and comparable mechanical properties, with disparities in microstructure and mechanical performance effectively eliminated. This investigation confirms that quenching after an 800°C holding for 0.5 h is an effective heat-treatment strategy for achieving microstructural and mechanical-property homogenization in ER120S-G HSLA steel components.</p>

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Effect of Quenching on the Homogeneity of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Wire and Arc Additive Manufactured High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月3日

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  • Zhichao Wang,
  • Zhipeng Wu,
  • Wei Zhang,
  • Zhichao Dong,
  • Ming Li,
  • Xiaoxu Zhang,
  • Peng Qi,
  • Lijuan Zhang

摘要

Single-pass multi-layer thin-walled components of high-strength alloy steel were fabricated using the Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) process. JMatPro software was employed to simulate the metal phase diagram, which determined the 800°C quenching process. Following the WAAM process, a quenching heat treatment was applied to achieve homogenization of microstructures and mechanical properties throughout the built component. This treatment aimed to mitigate the anisotropies and gradients inherent in the layer-by-layer deposition process. In this study, specimens from different positions and orientations of the steel wall were systematically categorized and subjected to optimized heat treatment. Experimental results demonstrated that untreated specimens exhibited elemental segregation, uneven hardness distribution, and inhomogeneous microstructure characteristics across different orientations. After implementing the 800°C/0.5-h holding treatment followed by quenching, all cross-sections exhibited convergent microstructural features and comparable mechanical properties, with disparities in microstructure and mechanical performance effectively eliminated. This investigation confirms that quenching after an 800°C holding for 0.5 h is an effective heat-treatment strategy for achieving microstructural and mechanical-property homogenization in ER120S-G HSLA steel components.