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<p>Metal nanolaminates achieve exceptional strength through interface-mediated plasticity, but atomically sharp two-dimensional interfaces concentrate stress at dislocation pileups, promoting shear localization and limiting deformability. Here, we synthesize prior experimental and computational results across nanolaminate systems to establish a transferable design framework for simultaneously enhancing strength and suppressing strain localization by replacing chemically and crystallographically sharp interfaces with structurally extended three-dimensional interfaces (3DIs) of controlled thickness <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(h'\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>h</mi> <mo>′</mo> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Drawing on phase-field dislocation dynamics (PFDD) simulations, crystal plasticity finite element modeling, atom probe tomography, nanoindentation, and micropillar compression across Cu/Nb and Ti/Nb nanolaminates, we identify the conditions under which 3DIs deliver maximum observed mechanical enhancement. PFDD establishes that slip transmission resistance increases with <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(h'\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>h</mi> <mo>′</mo> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and saturates near <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(h' \approx 5\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>h</mi> <mo>′</mo> </msup> <mo>≈</mo> <mn>5</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>–20 nm across both material systems, defining a target thickness range for interface design. Experimental flow stress measurements in Cu/Nb reveal a high-performance window bounded by the constraint <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((h+h') \le 50\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>h</mi> <mo>′</mo> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>50</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> nm, above which interface-dominant behavior begins to wane. In Ti/Nb, introduction of 3DI enhances hardness by 28% and suppresses shear localization at large strains. Together, these results support three transferable design rules for interface-engineered nanolaminates: target the PFDD strength saturation regime, constrain the bilayer period, and minimize slip transmission asymmetry.</p>

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Designing 3D Interfaces for Enhanced Mechanical Performance in Nanolaminates

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  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月5日

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  • Mauricio De Leo,
  • Nicolas Fuchs-Lynch,
  • Irene J. Beyerlein,
  • Nathan A. Mara

摘要

Metal nanolaminates achieve exceptional strength through interface-mediated plasticity, but atomically sharp two-dimensional interfaces concentrate stress at dislocation pileups, promoting shear localization and limiting deformability. Here, we synthesize prior experimental and computational results across nanolaminate systems to establish a transferable design framework for simultaneously enhancing strength and suppressing strain localization by replacing chemically and crystallographically sharp interfaces with structurally extended three-dimensional interfaces (3DIs) of controlled thickness \(h'\) h ′ . Drawing on phase-field dislocation dynamics (PFDD) simulations, crystal plasticity finite element modeling, atom probe tomography, nanoindentation, and micropillar compression across Cu/Nb and Ti/Nb nanolaminates, we identify the conditions under which 3DIs deliver maximum observed mechanical enhancement. PFDD establishes that slip transmission resistance increases with \(h'\) h ′ and saturates near \(h' \approx 5\) h ′ ≈ 5 –20 nm across both material systems, defining a target thickness range for interface design. Experimental flow stress measurements in Cu/Nb reveal a high-performance window bounded by the constraint \((h+h') \le 50\) ( h + h ′ ) ≤ 50 nm, above which interface-dominant behavior begins to wane. In Ti/Nb, introduction of 3DI enhances hardness by 28% and suppresses shear localization at large strains. Together, these results support three transferable design rules for interface-engineered nanolaminates: target the PFDD strength saturation regime, constrain the bilayer period, and minimize slip transmission asymmetry.