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<p>To address the urgent need for metal and oxygen extraction in lunar in-situ resource utilization (ISRU), this study investigates electrowinning of metals and oxygen production using NaF-AlF<sub>3</sub> as the solvent, highland-type simulated lunar regolith (NEU-2) as the solute, a 43Fe-57Ni alloy as the anode, and graphite as the cathode, within the temperature range of 1223–1243&#xa0;K. The results show that increasing the temperature from 1223&#xa0;K to 1243&#xa0;K reduces the cell voltage from 4.96&#xa0;V to 4.80&#xa0;V. The cathode product is an Al-Si-Fe alloy, in which the aluminum content first decreases and then increases with rising temperature, while silicon exhibits the opposite trend. Under the optimized condition of 1233&#xa0;K, the oxygen generation rate reaches 3.22&#xa0;g/h, with an oxygen yield of 16.1%, while the anode current efficiency is 80.19%. The cathode alloy composition is 54.21% Al–28.7% Si–17.09% Fe, with a cathode current efficiency of 47.70% and a Vickers hardness of 59.4 HV; the anode passivation layer remains intact under this condition. This work provides theoretical and data-based support for optimizing key process parameters in molten-salt electrolysis of lunar regolith for oxygen production.</p>

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Electrolytic Oxygen Extraction and Metal Production from NEU-2 Lunar Regolith Simulant in Cryolite-Based Molten Salt Using Fe-Ni Inert Anode

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月26日

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  • Jie Zhang,
  • Aimin Liu,
  • Yuan Zhao,
  • Xianze Ao,
  • Zhongning Shi

摘要

To address the urgent need for metal and oxygen extraction in lunar in-situ resource utilization (ISRU), this study investigates electrowinning of metals and oxygen production using NaF-AlF3 as the solvent, highland-type simulated lunar regolith (NEU-2) as the solute, a 43Fe-57Ni alloy as the anode, and graphite as the cathode, within the temperature range of 1223–1243 K. The results show that increasing the temperature from 1223 K to 1243 K reduces the cell voltage from 4.96 V to 4.80 V. The cathode product is an Al-Si-Fe alloy, in which the aluminum content first decreases and then increases with rising temperature, while silicon exhibits the opposite trend. Under the optimized condition of 1233 K, the oxygen generation rate reaches 3.22 g/h, with an oxygen yield of 16.1%, while the anode current efficiency is 80.19%. The cathode alloy composition is 54.21% Al–28.7% Si–17.09% Fe, with a cathode current efficiency of 47.70% and a Vickers hardness of 59.4 HV; the anode passivation layer remains intact under this condition. This work provides theoretical and data-based support for optimizing key process parameters in molten-salt electrolysis of lunar regolith for oxygen production.