<p>The manufacturing process of Babbitt alloy bushings is of paramount importance to the service life of oil film bearings. The present study employed both cold metal transfer (CMT) and CMT + P processes to fabricate Babbitt alloy/steel composites. The investigation focused on the precipitate phases, microstructures, and friction-wear properties of these composites. The experimental findings indicated that variations in welding parameters and processes have a substantial impact on the microstructure and friction-wear properties of Babbitt alloy. CMT specimens were more prone to forming a continuous network-like Cu₆Sn₅ at grain boundaries, with fine, uniform hard-phase particles that filled the grains. CMT + P specimens exhibited Cu₆Sn₅ predominantly dispersed in short rod-like phases. Compared to the CMT process, the CMT + P process exhibited a more stable interfacial bonding layer at different welding currents, with a thickness of 2–3&#xa0;<i>μ</i>m. In reciprocating friction and wear tests under loads of 15–35 N, the CMT specimens exhibited the best tribological performance at 85 A, with average friction coefficients of 0.078, 0.075, and 0.075, and wear volumes of 0.148, 0.222, and 0.416 mm³, respectively. The CMT + P specimens showed the best performance at 70 A, with corresponding average friction coefficients of 0.079, 0.074, and 0.084 and wear volumes of 0.158, 0.252, and 0.550 mm³.</p>