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<p>Welding experiments were conducted on 0.3-mm-thick AISI 444 ferritic stainless steel using a fiber laser, aiming to investigate the effects of welding parameters on welding morphology and mechanical properties of the joints. The Box–Behnken response surface methodology was employed to optimize three key process parameters, namely laser power, welding speed, and shielding gas flow rate. The optimal parameter combination was determined to be a laser power of 450 W, a welding speed of 25&#xa0;mm/s, and a gas flow rate of 7 L/min. Under these conditions, the prediction models for average weld width, fusion area, hardness, tensile strength, and elongation exhibited high accuracy, with deviations between predicted and experimental values of less than 6%. The welded joints showed sound weld morphology without observable defects. Longitudinal local tensile tests revealed that the tensile strength of the weld reached 520&#xa0;MPa, corresponding to 126.83% of that of the base material, with an elongation of 12%.</p>

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Optimization of Laser Welding Process of AISI444 Ferritic Stainless-Steel Sheet Based on Response Surface Method

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月7日

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  • Suheng Li,
  • Qiushi Zhang,
  • Ping Lu,
  • Qingyang Meng,
  • Fulong Zhang,
  • Hai Zhou,
  • Shuangyu Liu

摘要

Welding experiments were conducted on 0.3-mm-thick AISI 444 ferritic stainless steel using a fiber laser, aiming to investigate the effects of welding parameters on welding morphology and mechanical properties of the joints. The Box–Behnken response surface methodology was employed to optimize three key process parameters, namely laser power, welding speed, and shielding gas flow rate. The optimal parameter combination was determined to be a laser power of 450 W, a welding speed of 25 mm/s, and a gas flow rate of 7 L/min. Under these conditions, the prediction models for average weld width, fusion area, hardness, tensile strength, and elongation exhibited high accuracy, with deviations between predicted and experimental values of less than 6%. The welded joints showed sound weld morphology without observable defects. Longitudinal local tensile tests revealed that the tensile strength of the weld reached 520 MPa, corresponding to 126.83% of that of the base material, with an elongation of 12%.