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<p>To overcome the limitations of zirconia-based electrolytes in low-oxygen partial pressure environments (&lt; 10<sup>−2</sup>&#xa0;atm), where electronic conductivity increases and leads to significant measurement errors, this study proposes a lattice stress compensation strategy via Y<sup>3+</sup>/Al<sup>3+</sup> co-doping. We synthesize Zr<sub>0.92</sub>Y<sub>0.05</sub>Al<sub>0.03</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (5YASZ) through a synergistic approach, leveraging the radius compensation effect (Y<sup>3+</sup> expansion vs. Al<sup>3+</sup> contraction) to stabilize the cubic fluorite phase and suppress lattice distortion. The 5YASZ electrolyte exhibits 42% higher ionic conductivity (0.054 S/cm at 900°C) and lower activation energy (0.481&#xa0;eV) than conventional 8YSZ (Zr<sub>0.92</sub>Y<sub>0.08</sub>O<sub>2</sub>), attributed to optimized oxygen vacancy mobility and grain boundary cohesion. A bilayer sensor (5YASZ-coated 8YSZ) demonstrates exceptional accuracy in low-oxygen environments (down to 5 × 10<sup>−6</sup>&#xa0;atm) and high temperatures (600–900°C), with voltage outputs approaching theoretical Nernstian values.</p>

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Lattice Stress Compensation Driving High-Performance, Low-Cost Y-Al-ZrO2 Oxygen Sensors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月2日

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  • Yongtao Huang,
  • Qianzhu Zhao,
  • Ying Li,
  • Jie Zheng,
  • Zezhong Wang,
  • Wenlong Huang,
  • Wei Zhang,
  • Chunsheng Zhuang

摘要

To overcome the limitations of zirconia-based electrolytes in low-oxygen partial pressure environments (< 10−2 atm), where electronic conductivity increases and leads to significant measurement errors, this study proposes a lattice stress compensation strategy via Y3+/Al3+ co-doping. We synthesize Zr0.92Y0.05Al0.03O2 (5YASZ) through a synergistic approach, leveraging the radius compensation effect (Y3+ expansion vs. Al3+ contraction) to stabilize the cubic fluorite phase and suppress lattice distortion. The 5YASZ electrolyte exhibits 42% higher ionic conductivity (0.054 S/cm at 900°C) and lower activation energy (0.481 eV) than conventional 8YSZ (Zr0.92Y0.08O2), attributed to optimized oxygen vacancy mobility and grain boundary cohesion. A bilayer sensor (5YASZ-coated 8YSZ) demonstrates exceptional accuracy in low-oxygen environments (down to 5 × 10−6 atm) and high temperatures (600–900°C), with voltage outputs approaching theoretical Nernstian values.