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<p>Steel slag (SS), a major by-product of the steel-making industry, faces limited utilization due to its poor stability and low magnetic iron content. This study systematically investigates the effects of gaseous modifiers, CO<sub>2</sub> and a CO<sub>2</sub> + water vapor mixture, on the free calcium oxide (<i>f</i>-CaO) content and magnetic iron enrichment in SS. Treatment with CO<sub>2</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> + water vapor mixture at 850°C for 30&#xa0;min enhances the decomposition of <i>f</i>-CaO, achieving digestion efficiencies of 68.13% and 76.31%, respectively. The combined CO<sub>2</sub> + water vapor mixture treatment exhibits superior reactivity toward SS compared to CO<sub>2</sub> alone. SS modified with the CO<sub>2</sub> + water vapor mixture exhibits a reduced particle size, thereby enhancing its reactivity and performance. Thermodynamic analyses are consistent with experimental results, confirming that the reaction kinetics of <i>f</i>-CaO digestion in the presence of CO<sub>2</sub> or CO<sub>2</sub> + water vapor mixture are predominantly diffusion-controlled. The incorporation of 30% SS treated with CO<sub>2</sub> + water vapor mixture into cement significantly enhances its mechanical performance compared to cement blended with untreated SS or SS treated with CO<sub>2</sub> alone. Notably, the 28-day compressive strength reaches 45&#xa0;MPa.</p>

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Influence of Gases on the Modification of Steel Slag: Insights into Phase Evolution, Reaction Pathways and Utilization Potential

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月8日

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  • Hongfei Wu,
  • Jingcai Chang,
  • Jiahao Zhang,
  • Taiyang Liu,
  • Hanchai Huang,
  • Qinglei Liu,
  • Xu Gao,
  • Chuanchuan Wang,
  • Yong Wang

摘要

Steel slag (SS), a major by-product of the steel-making industry, faces limited utilization due to its poor stability and low magnetic iron content. This study systematically investigates the effects of gaseous modifiers, CO2 and a CO2 + water vapor mixture, on the free calcium oxide (f-CaO) content and magnetic iron enrichment in SS. Treatment with CO2 and CO2 + water vapor mixture at 850°C for 30 min enhances the decomposition of f-CaO, achieving digestion efficiencies of 68.13% and 76.31%, respectively. The combined CO2 + water vapor mixture treatment exhibits superior reactivity toward SS compared to CO2 alone. SS modified with the CO2 + water vapor mixture exhibits a reduced particle size, thereby enhancing its reactivity and performance. Thermodynamic analyses are consistent with experimental results, confirming that the reaction kinetics of f-CaO digestion in the presence of CO2 or CO2 + water vapor mixture are predominantly diffusion-controlled. The incorporation of 30% SS treated with CO2 + water vapor mixture into cement significantly enhances its mechanical performance compared to cement blended with untreated SS or SS treated with CO2 alone. Notably, the 28-day compressive strength reaches 45 MPa.