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<p>To address the inherent trade-off in traditional particle-reinforced copper matrix composites—where enhanced mechanical properties typically compromise electrical conductivity—this study introduces second-phase reinforcing particles modulated with rare-earth elements. These elements refine grains, strengthen grain boundaries, and enhance interfacial mobility, enabling exploration of their joint reinforcement mechanism. Based on tungsten carbide (WC)-Cu composites, this study introduces rare-earth oxides such as Eu<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> to modify copper-based materials, and obtains WC-Eu<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Cu, WC-La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Cu, and WC-Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Cu copper-based composites. The compressive yield strength increased from 131&#xa0;MPa in WC-Cu composites to 163&#xa0;MPa, 140&#xa0;MPa, and 152&#xa0;MPa, respectively, which are 172%, 133%, and 153% compared with pure copper. Electrical conductivity also improved upon the introduction of rare-earth elements. The conductivity loss compared to pure copper was minimized in the WC-La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Cu composite, exhibiting only a 6.8% reduction.</p>

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Preparation and Properties of WC Particle-Reinforced Copper Matrix Composites Under Rare-Earth Element Modulation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月22日

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  • Changfei Sun,
  • Wang Zhe,
  • Du Cheng,
  • Li Denghui,
  • Zhai Zhenjie,
  • Chen Cong,
  • Lei Qian

摘要

To address the inherent trade-off in traditional particle-reinforced copper matrix composites—where enhanced mechanical properties typically compromise electrical conductivity—this study introduces second-phase reinforcing particles modulated with rare-earth elements. These elements refine grains, strengthen grain boundaries, and enhance interfacial mobility, enabling exploration of their joint reinforcement mechanism. Based on tungsten carbide (WC)-Cu composites, this study introduces rare-earth oxides such as Eu2O3, La2O3, and Y2O3 to modify copper-based materials, and obtains WC-Eu2O3-Cu, WC-La2O3-Cu, and WC-Y2O3-Cu copper-based composites. The compressive yield strength increased from 131 MPa in WC-Cu composites to 163 MPa, 140 MPa, and 152 MPa, respectively, which are 172%, 133%, and 153% compared with pure copper. Electrical conductivity also improved upon the introduction of rare-earth elements. The conductivity loss compared to pure copper was minimized in the WC-La2O3-Cu composite, exhibiting only a 6.8% reduction.