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<p>This study investigates the impact of varying deposition voltages on the morphology, roughness, thickness, and functional properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) coatings on titanium substrates. Using SEM analysis, it was observed that at lower voltages (1.5–2 V), ZnO coatings exhibit a flake-like morphology, transitioning to complex flower-like structures at higher voltages (2.5–3 V). Surface roughness initially increases with voltage, peaking at 2.5 V (1.98 ± 0.54 <i>µ</i>m) before decreasing slightly at 3 V due to grain coalescence. Coating thickness consistently increases with voltage, reaching 32.4 ± 0.2 <i>µ</i>m at 3 V, driven by faster ion migration and enhanced deposition rates. Wettability measurements showed a shift from hydrophobic to hydrophilic behavior as the voltage increased from 2.5 V (96.0° contact angle) to 3 V (24.6° contact angle), suggesting a change in surface texture and densification. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization tests confirmed that higher voltage coatings offer improved corrosion resistance, with the sample coated at 3 V exhibiting the best performance (corrosion rate of 1.654 ± 0.012 <i>µ</i>m/year). This enhancement is attributed to the denser and less porous nature of the coating, which reduces pathways for corrosive agents.</p>

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Revealing the Morphology, Crystallographic Texture, and Corrosion Resistance of Electrodeposited ZnO Coatings on Pure Titanium Surfaces

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月16日

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  • Seyed Reza Torabianfard,
  • Roohollah Jamaati,
  • Hamed Jamshidi Aval

摘要

This study investigates the impact of varying deposition voltages on the morphology, roughness, thickness, and functional properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) coatings on titanium substrates. Using SEM analysis, it was observed that at lower voltages (1.5–2 V), ZnO coatings exhibit a flake-like morphology, transitioning to complex flower-like structures at higher voltages (2.5–3 V). Surface roughness initially increases with voltage, peaking at 2.5 V (1.98 ± 0.54 µm) before decreasing slightly at 3 V due to grain coalescence. Coating thickness consistently increases with voltage, reaching 32.4 ± 0.2 µm at 3 V, driven by faster ion migration and enhanced deposition rates. Wettability measurements showed a shift from hydrophobic to hydrophilic behavior as the voltage increased from 2.5 V (96.0° contact angle) to 3 V (24.6° contact angle), suggesting a change in surface texture and densification. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization tests confirmed that higher voltage coatings offer improved corrosion resistance, with the sample coated at 3 V exhibiting the best performance (corrosion rate of 1.654 ± 0.012 µm/year). This enhancement is attributed to the denser and less porous nature of the coating, which reduces pathways for corrosive agents.