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<p>Nanocellulose extracted from agro-waste rice straw has been utilized to fabricate carbon nanofiber films. The nanocellulose-based films were drop-casted and underwent a two-step thermal treatment: stabilization at 180°C in air and carbonization at 700°C in a nitrogen atmosphere. Phosphoric acid (PA) was incorporated into the nanocellulose solution, resulting in a 17% reduction in stabilization activation energy and a 20% increase in carbonization yield. Additionally, PA facilitated phosphorus doping, leading to a phosphorus concentration of up to 5%, and enhanced the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area from 223 m<sup>2</sup>&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup> to 334 m<sup>2</sup>&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup>. Structural analysis via XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and TEM confirmed the formation of a turbostratic graphitic structure in the PA-doped carbon nanofiber films. This increased surface area and graphitic structure make the films highly promising for diverse applications, including flame-retardant coatings, sensors, energy storage devices, and biomedical uses.</p>

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Low-Temperature Carbonization of Phosphorus-Doped Nanocellulose for Carbon Nanofiber Film Fabrication

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月6日

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  • Suman,
  • Tushar Borkar,
  • Bharat Bajaj

摘要

Nanocellulose extracted from agro-waste rice straw has been utilized to fabricate carbon nanofiber films. The nanocellulose-based films were drop-casted and underwent a two-step thermal treatment: stabilization at 180°C in air and carbonization at 700°C in a nitrogen atmosphere. Phosphoric acid (PA) was incorporated into the nanocellulose solution, resulting in a 17% reduction in stabilization activation energy and a 20% increase in carbonization yield. Additionally, PA facilitated phosphorus doping, leading to a phosphorus concentration of up to 5%, and enhanced the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area from 223 m2 g−1 to 334 m2 g−1. Structural analysis via XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and TEM confirmed the formation of a turbostratic graphitic structure in the PA-doped carbon nanofiber films. This increased surface area and graphitic structure make the films highly promising for diverse applications, including flame-retardant coatings, sensors, energy storage devices, and biomedical uses.