<p>Coronary artery disease is one of the main cardiovascular illnesses impacting the whole human population. It has been established that this illness is the main cause of mortality in both developed and developing nations. Chest discomfort and a reduction in blood flow to the heart are symptoms of this disease, which is brought on by plaque buildup in the blood arteries. In the past two decades, the domains of artificial intelligence (AI) like machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) have opened up new directions in the field of cardiovascular medicine. These methods have swiftly widened its spheres in medicine, from the automatic interpretation of cardiac rhythm abnormalities to aiding in complicated decision-making, and it has shown to be a promising tool for supporting clinicians in making treatment decisions. This study presents several clinical facets of coronary artery disorders, including risk factors, illness diagnostics, and therapeutic approaches. Additionally, the study discusses current developments and noteworthy advancements in AI-based computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) of coronary artery disease. Various key and novel insights and challenges in using CAD for cardiovascular disease have also been discussed.</p>