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<p>Ambrosia beetles play a dual ecological role in forests. Most species act as decomposers, and cause fast wood breakdown and nutrient cycling. A smaller group is invasive and attacks living trees, causing major damage to forests, orchards, and timber resources. These beetles exhibit symbiotic fungal relationships and diverse social behaviors ranging from cooperative breeding to eusociality, often called “insect socialism”. Key traits (labor division, brood care, and overlapping generations) enhance colonization success, stress tolerance, and host exploitation. As a result, they influence gallery success, community structure, pathogen dynamics, predator interactions, and forest invasions. This review focuses sociality in ambrosia beetles as cooperative behaviors that support gallery construction, fungal cultivation, and defense. Moreover, it examines roles in nutrient cycling and decomposition. Likewise, it shows how sociality boosts reproduction and resource sharing. Furthermore, social structures drive colonization, invasion, damage, symbiosis, defense, biodiversity shifts, and adaptation amid insecticide resistance. Finally, it evaluates management challenges and innovations such as pheromone disruption and gallery interference. Besides, it urges integrating microbial dynamics with social behavior research to fill genomic gaps in fungicide resistance, and outbreak models for interdisciplinary management. Likewise, insect ecology reflects habitat filtering, trophic interactions, and rapid adaptation. Furthermore, tropical field studies capture community turnover, seasonal dynamics, and species interactions that are often missed by laboratory work alone. Genomic comparisons reveal conserved eusocial signatures, including regulatory complexity, altered communication, and gene changes. However, gaps remain in understudied tropical groups due to limited expertise, uneven sampling, and weak resources. Thus, future research should integrate long-term field monitoring with expanded genomics to test hypotheses on social evolution, resilience, and biodiversity loss.</p>

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Impact of insect socialism on the ecology and management of ambrosia beetles

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月22日

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  • Neslihan Gültekin,
  • Melek Güçlü,
  • Dilbar Hussain,
  • Sumaira Maqsood,
  • Levent Gültekin,
  • Muhammad Qasim

摘要

Ambrosia beetles play a dual ecological role in forests. Most species act as decomposers, and cause fast wood breakdown and nutrient cycling. A smaller group is invasive and attacks living trees, causing major damage to forests, orchards, and timber resources. These beetles exhibit symbiotic fungal relationships and diverse social behaviors ranging from cooperative breeding to eusociality, often called “insect socialism”. Key traits (labor division, brood care, and overlapping generations) enhance colonization success, stress tolerance, and host exploitation. As a result, they influence gallery success, community structure, pathogen dynamics, predator interactions, and forest invasions. This review focuses sociality in ambrosia beetles as cooperative behaviors that support gallery construction, fungal cultivation, and defense. Moreover, it examines roles in nutrient cycling and decomposition. Likewise, it shows how sociality boosts reproduction and resource sharing. Furthermore, social structures drive colonization, invasion, damage, symbiosis, defense, biodiversity shifts, and adaptation amid insecticide resistance. Finally, it evaluates management challenges and innovations such as pheromone disruption and gallery interference. Besides, it urges integrating microbial dynamics with social behavior research to fill genomic gaps in fungicide resistance, and outbreak models for interdisciplinary management. Likewise, insect ecology reflects habitat filtering, trophic interactions, and rapid adaptation. Furthermore, tropical field studies capture community turnover, seasonal dynamics, and species interactions that are often missed by laboratory work alone. Genomic comparisons reveal conserved eusocial signatures, including regulatory complexity, altered communication, and gene changes. However, gaps remain in understudied tropical groups due to limited expertise, uneven sampling, and weak resources. Thus, future research should integrate long-term field monitoring with expanded genomics to test hypotheses on social evolution, resilience, and biodiversity loss.