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<p><i>Vanilla planifolia</i> (Orchidaceae), commonly known as vanilla, is the only orchid species cultivated commercially for its edible pods and is one of the most economically important spices worldwide. In northeastern Brazil, populations of <i>Montella</i> sp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) have emerged as a significant pest of vanilla crops, with both larvae and adults causing damage. Notably, adults are frequently observed on the flowers, suggesting a potential role of floral volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in host localization. To investigate this, we analysed the floral VOC profile of <i>V. planifolia</i> using dynamic headspace collection followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Six compounds were identified: β-myrcene, (<i>R</i>)-limonene, (<i>Z</i>)-β-ocimene, eucalyptol, (<i>E</i>)-β-ocimene, and β-caryophyllene, with (<i>E</i>)-β-ocimene being the predominant component of the natural floral bouquet. In Y-tube olfactometer assays, <i>Montella</i> sp. adults were significantly attracted to fresh flowers, floral VOC extracts, and a β-ocimene isomer mixture (Z/E = 1:3), the latter eliciting responses comparable to the full floral extract. These findings indicate that β-ocimene contributes to the attraction of <i>Montella</i> sp. and may be involved in host location, with the (<i>E</i>)-isomer representing the predominant form in the natural floral blend. Behaviourally active floral VOCs may therefore be exploited as semiochemical-based tools to improve monitoring and support integrated pest management strategies in vanilla cultivation systems.</p>

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Floral volatile composition of Vanilla planifolia and behavioural response of the weevil Montella sp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月25日

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  • Danrley S. Bento,
  • Ariane M. L. Soares,
  • Jéssica P. Jordão,
  • Miryan D. A. Coracini,
  • Carla F. Fávaro

摘要

Vanilla planifolia (Orchidaceae), commonly known as vanilla, is the only orchid species cultivated commercially for its edible pods and is one of the most economically important spices worldwide. In northeastern Brazil, populations of Montella sp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) have emerged as a significant pest of vanilla crops, with both larvae and adults causing damage. Notably, adults are frequently observed on the flowers, suggesting a potential role of floral volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in host localization. To investigate this, we analysed the floral VOC profile of V. planifolia using dynamic headspace collection followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Six compounds were identified: β-myrcene, (R)-limonene, (Z)-β-ocimene, eucalyptol, (E)-β-ocimene, and β-caryophyllene, with (E)-β-ocimene being the predominant component of the natural floral bouquet. In Y-tube olfactometer assays, Montella sp. adults were significantly attracted to fresh flowers, floral VOC extracts, and a β-ocimene isomer mixture (Z/E = 1:3), the latter eliciting responses comparable to the full floral extract. These findings indicate that β-ocimene contributes to the attraction of Montella sp. and may be involved in host location, with the (E)-isomer representing the predominant form in the natural floral blend. Behaviourally active floral VOCs may therefore be exploited as semiochemical-based tools to improve monitoring and support integrated pest management strategies in vanilla cultivation systems.