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<p>Mustard aphid, <i>Lipaphis erysimi</i> (Kaltenbach), is a major pest of <i>Brassica juncea</i> (L.) Czern. &amp; Coss, causing significant losses to seed yield and quality. Plant-aphid interactions are influenced by various plant defense enzymes, which play a crucial role in defending the host plant against biotic stresses. The study assessed constitutive and aphid-induced enzymatic variation in 30 <i>B. juncea</i> genotypes, and their effect on the host preference and developmental biology of <i>L. erysimi</i>. Significant variations were observed in the host preference and biological parameters of <i>L. erysimi</i> across different plant parts of <i>B. juncea</i> genotypes. The activity of plant defense enzymes was significantly higher in healthy and <i>L. erysimi</i>-infested plant parts of <i>B. juncea</i> genotypes viz<i>.</i>, RBJ 49, Pusa 119-1-2, GP 454, TS 18–5124, and NPJ 50. Elevated levels of ascorbate oxidase and ascorbate peroxidase activities in healthy and <i>L. erysimi</i>-infested buds of <i>B. juncea</i> genotypes were negatively associated with aphid survival, while both enzymes showed a positive correlation with the percentage of nymphs recovered. Conversely, higher catalase and myrosinase activities in buds were positively associated with nymph recovery and fecundity, respectively. In siliquae, ascorbate oxidase activity was negatively correlated with fecundity, which exhibited adverse effect on the developmental biology and reproductive performance of <i>L. erysimi</i>. Genotypes such as RBJ 11, RBJ 77, and RBJ 49 demonstrated a balanced defensive response; PDZ 6, Pusa 119-1-3, and PM 26 exhibited a strong multilayered defense; EC 62-46-1, Pusa 119-1-2, and Pusa Tarak exhibited elevated catalase activity. These findings underscore the complex interactions between plant defense enzymes and aphid development, highlighting the critical role of ascorbate oxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and myrosinase, in modulating aphid survival and reproduction. Aforesaid genotypes hold significant potential for use in <i>Brassica</i> breeding program aimed at developing aphid-resistant varieties of Indian mustard.</p>

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Effect of plant defence enzymes on mustard aphid [Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach)] biology and reproduction across diverse Brassica juncea genotypes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月23日

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  • Ipsita Samal,
  • Mukesh K. Dhillon,
  • Tanmaya K. Bhoi,
  • Naveen Singh

摘要

Mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach), is a major pest of Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. & Coss, causing significant losses to seed yield and quality. Plant-aphid interactions are influenced by various plant defense enzymes, which play a crucial role in defending the host plant against biotic stresses. The study assessed constitutive and aphid-induced enzymatic variation in 30 B. juncea genotypes, and their effect on the host preference and developmental biology of L. erysimi. Significant variations were observed in the host preference and biological parameters of L. erysimi across different plant parts of B. juncea genotypes. The activity of plant defense enzymes was significantly higher in healthy and L. erysimi-infested plant parts of B. juncea genotypes viz., RBJ 49, Pusa 119-1-2, GP 454, TS 18–5124, and NPJ 50. Elevated levels of ascorbate oxidase and ascorbate peroxidase activities in healthy and L. erysimi-infested buds of B. juncea genotypes were negatively associated with aphid survival, while both enzymes showed a positive correlation with the percentage of nymphs recovered. Conversely, higher catalase and myrosinase activities in buds were positively associated with nymph recovery and fecundity, respectively. In siliquae, ascorbate oxidase activity was negatively correlated with fecundity, which exhibited adverse effect on the developmental biology and reproductive performance of L. erysimi. Genotypes such as RBJ 11, RBJ 77, and RBJ 49 demonstrated a balanced defensive response; PDZ 6, Pusa 119-1-3, and PM 26 exhibited a strong multilayered defense; EC 62-46-1, Pusa 119-1-2, and Pusa Tarak exhibited elevated catalase activity. These findings underscore the complex interactions between plant defense enzymes and aphid development, highlighting the critical role of ascorbate oxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and myrosinase, in modulating aphid survival and reproduction. Aforesaid genotypes hold significant potential for use in Brassica breeding program aimed at developing aphid-resistant varieties of Indian mustard.