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<p>Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i>), a staple food crop, faces various biotic and abiotic stresses. Nitric oxide influences multiple physiological processes in plants. Ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) induces DNA mutations, creating genetically diverse rice lines. We studied how NO affects growth and yield in 11 EMS-mutant rice lines. Seed priming with six GSNO concentrations showed that 0.1 mM GSNO caused notable variations in plant development, identifying MPL3126, MPL3132, MPL3143, MPL3146, and MPL3158 as the most responsive lines. Priming with 0.1 mM GSNO resulted in 77% germination for MPL3146, reaching 100% in 4 days compared to 6 days for the wild type (WT). The priming significantly altered the expression of growth and defense-related genes: OsARF3 was downregulated in MPL3126 and MPL3143 leaves and roots but upregulated in MPL3146 and MPL3158. OsCOX11 expression increased after 3&#xa0;h but decreased after 6&#xa0;h. OsNOE1 expression rose in MPL3146 and MPL3158 leaves but fell in MPL3146 roots. OsNOA1 was upregulated in the leaves and roots of MPL3126 but downregulated in MPL3132, MPL3143, and MPL3158 leaves. OsNR2 expression increased in MPL3146 and MPL3158 leaves but decreased in WT, MPL3126, MPL3132, and MPL3143 lines. While OsDHODH1 levels remained unchanged, OsTRX1 expression increased in MPL3146 and MPL3158 leaves. GSNO priming delayed heading by 3 days in WT and 6 days in mutants. Notably, MPL3146 and MPL3158 reached 50% flowering 15 and 8 days earlier, respectively. MPL3126 matured 6 days earlier. Significant differences were observed in panicle number, grain yield, panicle length, spikelets, and spikelet filling rate, indicating NO enhances rice growth by regulating development and defense mechanisms genes.</p>

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Differential response of EMS-treated rice mutants to nitric oxide

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月6日

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  • Joshua Jerry Olupot,
  • Philipe Sibomana,
  • Nkulu Kabange Rolly,
  • Josine Uwihanganye,
  • Ashim Kumar Das,
  • Sajeel Hussain,
  • Peter Odonkara,
  • Da-Sol Lee,
  • Adil Hussain,
  • Byung-Wook Yun

摘要

Rice (Oryza sativa), a staple food crop, faces various biotic and abiotic stresses. Nitric oxide influences multiple physiological processes in plants. Ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) induces DNA mutations, creating genetically diverse rice lines. We studied how NO affects growth and yield in 11 EMS-mutant rice lines. Seed priming with six GSNO concentrations showed that 0.1 mM GSNO caused notable variations in plant development, identifying MPL3126, MPL3132, MPL3143, MPL3146, and MPL3158 as the most responsive lines. Priming with 0.1 mM GSNO resulted in 77% germination for MPL3146, reaching 100% in 4 days compared to 6 days for the wild type (WT). The priming significantly altered the expression of growth and defense-related genes: OsARF3 was downregulated in MPL3126 and MPL3143 leaves and roots but upregulated in MPL3146 and MPL3158. OsCOX11 expression increased after 3 h but decreased after 6 h. OsNOE1 expression rose in MPL3146 and MPL3158 leaves but fell in MPL3146 roots. OsNOA1 was upregulated in the leaves and roots of MPL3126 but downregulated in MPL3132, MPL3143, and MPL3158 leaves. OsNR2 expression increased in MPL3146 and MPL3158 leaves but decreased in WT, MPL3126, MPL3132, and MPL3143 lines. While OsDHODH1 levels remained unchanged, OsTRX1 expression increased in MPL3146 and MPL3158 leaves. GSNO priming delayed heading by 3 days in WT and 6 days in mutants. Notably, MPL3146 and MPL3158 reached 50% flowering 15 and 8 days earlier, respectively. MPL3126 matured 6 days earlier. Significant differences were observed in panicle number, grain yield, panicle length, spikelets, and spikelet filling rate, indicating NO enhances rice growth by regulating development and defense mechanisms genes.