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<p><i>Panax ginseng</i> is one of the most widely utilized medicinal herbs in Korea, renowned for its numerous pharmaceutical properties. During cultivation, cold and other environmental stresses can induce perennating bud dormancy, reducing both crop yield and medicinal value. To identify genes associated with dormancy control in <i>P. ginseng</i>, we investigated the cold response mechanisms of Yeonpoong (YP), a cold-sensitive cultivar, and Geumsun (GS), a cold-insensitive cultivar. Under cold treatment, YP exhibited limited bud germination, whereas GS buds germinated regardless of cold exposure. We performed RNA sequencing on control and cold-treated samples from both cultivars, identifying 696 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) shared by YP and GS, 802 DEGs specific to GS, and 1,569 DEGs specific to YP. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed an enrichment of cold stimulus-related and auxin-responsive genes among the DEGs of both cultivars. Further functional annotation via gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) demonstrated that ethylene-responsive genes were specifically enriched in GS, while abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive genes and DELLA orthologs were selectively enriched in YP. Network analysis suggested that gibberellin (GA) and ABA genes may be pivotal in regulating perennating bud dormancy via hormone and cold signaling pathways. Overall, this study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms by which cold signaling is mediated in perennating bud tissues of <i>P. ginseng</i>, offering a foundation for the development of more resilient cultivars.</p>

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Comparative genome-wide analysis of low-temperature responses during perennating bud dormancy in cold-sensitive and -insensitive Panax ginseng cultivars

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月13日

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  • Jeongeui Hong,
  • Jaewook Kim,
  • Donghwan Shim,
  • Hojin Ryu

摘要

Panax ginseng is one of the most widely utilized medicinal herbs in Korea, renowned for its numerous pharmaceutical properties. During cultivation, cold and other environmental stresses can induce perennating bud dormancy, reducing both crop yield and medicinal value. To identify genes associated with dormancy control in P. ginseng, we investigated the cold response mechanisms of Yeonpoong (YP), a cold-sensitive cultivar, and Geumsun (GS), a cold-insensitive cultivar. Under cold treatment, YP exhibited limited bud germination, whereas GS buds germinated regardless of cold exposure. We performed RNA sequencing on control and cold-treated samples from both cultivars, identifying 696 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) shared by YP and GS, 802 DEGs specific to GS, and 1,569 DEGs specific to YP. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed an enrichment of cold stimulus-related and auxin-responsive genes among the DEGs of both cultivars. Further functional annotation via gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) demonstrated that ethylene-responsive genes were specifically enriched in GS, while abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive genes and DELLA orthologs were selectively enriched in YP. Network analysis suggested that gibberellin (GA) and ABA genes may be pivotal in regulating perennating bud dormancy via hormone and cold signaling pathways. Overall, this study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms by which cold signaling is mediated in perennating bud tissues of P. ginseng, offering a foundation for the development of more resilient cultivars.