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<p>Graphite anodes have limited current density performance, which restricts their application in fast-charging lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In this study, fluorinated pitch-derived carbon sheets (FPCS) were synthesized from petroleum pitch using a NaCl template followed by NF<sub>3</sub> plasma treatment. The NaCl template process generated thin, two-dimensional (2D) carbon sheets with wide interlayer spacing, shortening the diffusion path for lithium-ions. Subsequent NF<sub>3</sub> plasma treatment introduced fluorine functional groups, forming semi-ionic C–F bonds, which promoted the formation of a LiF-rich solid electrolyte interphase, enhancing interfacial stability and ion transport. As a result, the FPCS exhibited a capacity of 210 mAh/g at 5&#xa0;A/g, representing a 37% increase over the raw sample. Furthermore, it demonstrated excellent cycling stability, maintaining a capacity of 190 mAh/g, even after 250 cycles at a current density of 1&#xa0;A/g. These results demonstrate that the synergistic effect of template-assisted 2D structure and plasma fluorination enhances ion transport and interfacial stability, presenting a practical strategy for high-rate LIBs.</p>

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Fluorinated Two-Dimensional Carbon Sheets with LiF-Rich Interfaces for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月28日

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  • Eunseon Chae,
  • Seoyeong Cheon,
  • In Woo Lee,
  • Sangyeop Lee,
  • Seongjae Myeong,
  • Bo Kyoung Kim,
  • Tae-Sung Bae,
  • Young-Seak Lee

摘要

Graphite anodes have limited current density performance, which restricts their application in fast-charging lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In this study, fluorinated pitch-derived carbon sheets (FPCS) were synthesized from petroleum pitch using a NaCl template followed by NF3 plasma treatment. The NaCl template process generated thin, two-dimensional (2D) carbon sheets with wide interlayer spacing, shortening the diffusion path for lithium-ions. Subsequent NF3 plasma treatment introduced fluorine functional groups, forming semi-ionic C–F bonds, which promoted the formation of a LiF-rich solid electrolyte interphase, enhancing interfacial stability and ion transport. As a result, the FPCS exhibited a capacity of 210 mAh/g at 5 A/g, representing a 37% increase over the raw sample. Furthermore, it demonstrated excellent cycling stability, maintaining a capacity of 190 mAh/g, even after 250 cycles at a current density of 1 A/g. These results demonstrate that the synergistic effect of template-assisted 2D structure and plasma fluorination enhances ion transport and interfacial stability, presenting a practical strategy for high-rate LIBs.