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<p>In extinction-based immunosorbent assays, enzymes are commonly used as signal transducers; however, their intrinsic instability has prompted the search for more stable alternatives, such as inorganic nanomaterials. In this study, we developed a robust signal transduction strategy utilizing the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) to generate distinct and easily interpretable extinction signals, which were applied to C-reactive protein (CRP) quantification. To implement this, AuNCs and anti-CRP antibodies were co-immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), preparing “MagANC immunocomplexes” that can be rapidly purified via magnetic separation. By exploiting the seed-mediated growth of AuNCs, these immunocomplexes generated CRP-dependent extinction signals, enabling sensitive quantification. This approach effectively eliminates the need for unstable enzymes while leveraging the superparamagnetic properties of MNPs to simplify the purification process. The assay demonstrated a wide dynamic range of 0.001–1&#xa0;µg/mL with two complementary readouts: maximum LSPR wavelength (0.03–1&#xa0;µg/mL) and the absorbance at 600&#xa0;nm (0.001–0.03&#xa0;µg/mL). The limit of detection (LOD) was 1.58 ng/mL. Furthermore, the method showed excellent reliability in CRP-spiked serum, with a mean recovery of 100.47% and a coefficient of variation of 4.79%. Overall, the proposed MagANC strategy offers a practical, enzyme-free alternative for clinical CRP diagnostics, delivering a wide dynamic range and competitive sensitivity with a simplified workflow.</p>

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Gold Nanocluster-Conjugated Magnetic Immunocomplexes for Quantitative Detection of C-Reactive Protein

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月17日

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  • Bong-Geun Kim,
  • Yusung Choi,
  • Sehee Ryu,
  • Songyi Lee,
  • Myeongkee Park,
  • Hyon Bin Na

摘要

In extinction-based immunosorbent assays, enzymes are commonly used as signal transducers; however, their intrinsic instability has prompted the search for more stable alternatives, such as inorganic nanomaterials. In this study, we developed a robust signal transduction strategy utilizing the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) to generate distinct and easily interpretable extinction signals, which were applied to C-reactive protein (CRP) quantification. To implement this, AuNCs and anti-CRP antibodies were co-immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), preparing “MagANC immunocomplexes” that can be rapidly purified via magnetic separation. By exploiting the seed-mediated growth of AuNCs, these immunocomplexes generated CRP-dependent extinction signals, enabling sensitive quantification. This approach effectively eliminates the need for unstable enzymes while leveraging the superparamagnetic properties of MNPs to simplify the purification process. The assay demonstrated a wide dynamic range of 0.001–1 µg/mL with two complementary readouts: maximum LSPR wavelength (0.03–1 µg/mL) and the absorbance at 600 nm (0.001–0.03 µg/mL). The limit of detection (LOD) was 1.58 ng/mL. Furthermore, the method showed excellent reliability in CRP-spiked serum, with a mean recovery of 100.47% and a coefficient of variation of 4.79%. Overall, the proposed MagANC strategy offers a practical, enzyme-free alternative for clinical CRP diagnostics, delivering a wide dynamic range and competitive sensitivity with a simplified workflow.