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<p>Development of advanced materials and optimization of the loading efficiency of antibiotics on those materials to combat drug-resistant bacteria are strongly encouraged. CuBi-layered double hydroxide (CuBi-LDH) and carbon dots (CDs) were selected for development as drug delivery systems. Response surface methodology (RSM) using central composite design (CCD) was applied to optimize gentamicin sulfate (GEN) loading onto the drug delivery system. The combined effect of loading parameters such as initial GEN quantity (X<sub>1</sub>) and initial CDs quantity (X<sub>2</sub>) was studied. The results obtained by ANOVA analysis displayed the relative significance of the process parameters in the adsorption process. The GEN loading efficiency onto CuBi-LDH was 11.24% with 0.5&#xa0;g of GEN, which increased to 14.57% upon the addition of 0.1&#xa0;g of CDs. The study found that the CuBi-LDH and CDs/CuBi-LDH materials act as a dual-functional drug delivery system, which provides controlled drug release over a 12-hour period and enhances inhibitory the GEN’s potency against <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>,<i> Escherichia coli</i>,<i> Bacillus subtilis</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. The hierarchy of antibacterial effectiveness was shown by zones of inhibition (ZOIs) and minimum concentrations (MICs): CDs/CuBi-LDH/GEN demonstrated a ZOI of 20–25&#xa0;mm and an MIC of 100&#xa0;µg/mL, which was more effective than CuBi-LDH/GEN (16–23&#xa0;mm and 150&#xa0;µg/mL) and GEN (10–15&#xa0;mm and 200&#xa0;µg/mL). Showing markedly improved effectiveness over the parent drug, the combined CDs and/or CuBi-LDH materials present a promising approach for developing new antibacterial agents and treating bacterial infections.</p>

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Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for Optimizing Gentamicin Loading on Delivery Systems Based on Layered Double Hydroxides and Carbon Dots to Achieve Controlled Release and Enhanced Antibacterial Activity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月10日

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  • Doan Thi Minh Phuong,
  • Ngo Thi Tuong Vy,
  • Dang Nguyen Nha Khanh,
  • Huynh Hoang Hanh,
  • Nguyen Tan Phat,
  • Hoang Ngoc Bich,
  • Nguyen The Anh,
  • La Huynh Thanh Truc,
  • Nguyen Tran Hong An,
  • Lam Hong Anh Thu,
  • Bui Gia Han,
  • Ngoc Thuy Trang Le,
  • Cao Van Du,
  • Nguyen Thi Kim Phuong

摘要

Development of advanced materials and optimization of the loading efficiency of antibiotics on those materials to combat drug-resistant bacteria are strongly encouraged. CuBi-layered double hydroxide (CuBi-LDH) and carbon dots (CDs) were selected for development as drug delivery systems. Response surface methodology (RSM) using central composite design (CCD) was applied to optimize gentamicin sulfate (GEN) loading onto the drug delivery system. The combined effect of loading parameters such as initial GEN quantity (X1) and initial CDs quantity (X2) was studied. The results obtained by ANOVA analysis displayed the relative significance of the process parameters in the adsorption process. The GEN loading efficiency onto CuBi-LDH was 11.24% with 0.5 g of GEN, which increased to 14.57% upon the addition of 0.1 g of CDs. The study found that the CuBi-LDH and CDs/CuBi-LDH materials act as a dual-functional drug delivery system, which provides controlled drug release over a 12-hour period and enhances inhibitory the GEN’s potency against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. The hierarchy of antibacterial effectiveness was shown by zones of inhibition (ZOIs) and minimum concentrations (MICs): CDs/CuBi-LDH/GEN demonstrated a ZOI of 20–25 mm and an MIC of 100 µg/mL, which was more effective than CuBi-LDH/GEN (16–23 mm and 150 µg/mL) and GEN (10–15 mm and 200 µg/mL). Showing markedly improved effectiveness over the parent drug, the combined CDs and/or CuBi-LDH materials present a promising approach for developing new antibacterial agents and treating bacterial infections.