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<p>This study aims to synthesize hexagonal Ag<sup>0</sup> nanoparticles (NPs) decorated with TiO<sub>2</sub>-modified graphene oxide in a greener template method to obtain a novel Ag<sup>0</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub>/GO heterojunction nanocomposite thin film photocatalyst. The synthesized nanocomposites were characterized with SEM/TEM, DRS, AFM, BET, Raman, and XPS analytical tools. The material was further utilized for the effective treatment of Ibuprofen (IBP) and Tetracycline (TC) under visible light illumination. The synergistic effect between graphene oxide and metallic silver nanoparticles in the composite demonstrates a higher removal efficiency of IBP and TC under visible light illumination by reducing the electron (e⁻) and hole (h<sup>+</sup>) pairs recombination and electron capture. The real applicability of the materials was further explored in the elimination of IBP/TC under the influence of solution pH, initial pharmaceutical concentration, and various co-existing cations/anions. The degradation of IBP is favorable at pH 4, while maximum TC removal is observed at pH 10. The hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and holes (h<sup>+</sup>) are the major active radicals involved in the degradation pathway. The reusability test involving simple washing showed the stability of the nanocomposite thin film for prolonged treatment, which further reduces the overall treatment cost. A comparable elimination efficiency of IBP and TC with distilled water and river water further demonstrated the photocatalyst’s potential application for treating pharmaceutical-polluted wastewater on a large scale.</p>

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Novel Hexagonal Ag0(NP) Decorated TiO2 Supported with Graphene Oxide Nano-thin Films in the Efficient Degradation of Pharmaceuticals Under Visible Light

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月29日

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  • J. Malsawmsanga,
  • Lal Malsawmdawngliani,
  • Lalruatkima Ralte,
  • Diwakar Tiwari,
  • C. Lalhriatpuia

摘要

This study aims to synthesize hexagonal Ag0 nanoparticles (NPs) decorated with TiO2-modified graphene oxide in a greener template method to obtain a novel Ag0/TiO2/GO heterojunction nanocomposite thin film photocatalyst. The synthesized nanocomposites were characterized with SEM/TEM, DRS, AFM, BET, Raman, and XPS analytical tools. The material was further utilized for the effective treatment of Ibuprofen (IBP) and Tetracycline (TC) under visible light illumination. The synergistic effect between graphene oxide and metallic silver nanoparticles in the composite demonstrates a higher removal efficiency of IBP and TC under visible light illumination by reducing the electron (e⁻) and hole (h+) pairs recombination and electron capture. The real applicability of the materials was further explored in the elimination of IBP/TC under the influence of solution pH, initial pharmaceutical concentration, and various co-existing cations/anions. The degradation of IBP is favorable at pH 4, while maximum TC removal is observed at pH 10. The hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and holes (h+) are the major active radicals involved in the degradation pathway. The reusability test involving simple washing showed the stability of the nanocomposite thin film for prolonged treatment, which further reduces the overall treatment cost. A comparable elimination efficiency of IBP and TC with distilled water and river water further demonstrated the photocatalyst’s potential application for treating pharmaceutical-polluted wastewater on a large scale.