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<p>This study presents an effective hybrid simulation approach for simulating broadband ground motion in complex near-fault locations. The approach utilizes a deterministic approach based on the spectral element method (SEM), which is used to simulate low-frequency ground motion <i>f</i> &lt;1 Hz) by incorporating an innovative efficient discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for grid division to accurately model basin sedimentary layers at reduced costs. It also introduces a comprehensive hybrid source model for high-frequency random scattering and a nonlinear analysis module for basin sedimentary layers. Deterministic outcomes are combined with modified three-dimensional stochastic finite fault method (3D-EXSIM) simulations of high-frequency ground motion <i>f</i> &gt;1 Hz). A fourth-order Butterworth filter with zero phase shift is employed for time-domain filtering of low- and high-frequency time series at a crossover frequency of 1 Hz, merging the low and high-frequency ground motions into a broadband time series. Taking an <i>M</i><sub>s</sub> 6.8 Luding earthquake, as an example, this hybrid method was used for a rapid and efficient simulation analysis of broadband ground motion in the region. The accuracy and efficiency of this hybrid method were verified through comparisons with actually observed station data and empirical attenuation curves. Deterministic method simulation results revealed the effects of mountainous topography, basin effects, nonlinear effects within the basin’s sedimentary layers, and a coupling interaction between the basin and the mountains. The findings are consistent with similar studies, showing that near-fault sedimentary basins significantly focus and amplify strong ground motion, and the soil’s nonlinear behavior in the basin influences ground motion to varying extents at different distances from the fault. The mountainous topography impacts the basin’s response to ground motion, leading to barrier effects. This research provides a scientific foundation for seismic zoning, urban planning, and seismic design in near-fault mountain basin regions.</p>

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Broadband ground motion simulation and analysis of a near-fault 3D basin-mountain coupling site based on the hybrid method

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月1日

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  • Zhongxian Liu,
  • Kang Tang,
  • Chengcheng Li,
  • Xiaoming Yuan,
  • Hai Zhang

摘要

This study presents an effective hybrid simulation approach for simulating broadband ground motion in complex near-fault locations. The approach utilizes a deterministic approach based on the spectral element method (SEM), which is used to simulate low-frequency ground motion f <1 Hz) by incorporating an innovative efficient discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for grid division to accurately model basin sedimentary layers at reduced costs. It also introduces a comprehensive hybrid source model for high-frequency random scattering and a nonlinear analysis module for basin sedimentary layers. Deterministic outcomes are combined with modified three-dimensional stochastic finite fault method (3D-EXSIM) simulations of high-frequency ground motion f >1 Hz). A fourth-order Butterworth filter with zero phase shift is employed for time-domain filtering of low- and high-frequency time series at a crossover frequency of 1 Hz, merging the low and high-frequency ground motions into a broadband time series. Taking an Ms 6.8 Luding earthquake, as an example, this hybrid method was used for a rapid and efficient simulation analysis of broadband ground motion in the region. The accuracy and efficiency of this hybrid method were verified through comparisons with actually observed station data and empirical attenuation curves. Deterministic method simulation results revealed the effects of mountainous topography, basin effects, nonlinear effects within the basin’s sedimentary layers, and a coupling interaction between the basin and the mountains. The findings are consistent with similar studies, showing that near-fault sedimentary basins significantly focus and amplify strong ground motion, and the soil’s nonlinear behavior in the basin influences ground motion to varying extents at different distances from the fault. The mountainous topography impacts the basin’s response to ground motion, leading to barrier effects. This research provides a scientific foundation for seismic zoning, urban planning, and seismic design in near-fault mountain basin regions.