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<p>A great earthquake struck central Myanmar on March 28, 2025, causing extensive and severe damage in Myanmar and neighboring countries such as Thailand. Observed waveforms indicated the possibility of supershear rupture at the source of this event. To investigate this possibility, a joint source inversion using near-field and teleseismic waveforms was performed. The fault model used, with a total length of 580 km, comprises five segments with varying strike directions and dip angles. Within the first 10 s after initiation at the hypocenter, the rupture propagated southward at a high speed of 5–6 km/s. while rupture in the northern direction proceeded at a speed lower than the local S-wave velocity of 3.5 km/s. Subsequently, the rupture propagated bilaterally in both northern and southern directions at high speeds of 5–6 km/s. The largest asperity, with a maximum slip of 5–6 m, occurred in the shallow part of the fault model, approximately 240 km south of the hypocenter. Large slips of 2–3 m were also found near the southern end of the fault model. Slips on the fault plane were dominated by strike-slip components, though slips south of the largest asperity included significant dip-slip components.</p>

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Supershear rupture process of the 2025 Myanmar earthquake as derived from joint inversion of near-field and teleseismic waveforms

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月19日

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  • Hongqi Diao,
  • Yefei Ren,
  • Ruizhi Wen,
  • Hongjun Si,
  • Kazuki Koketsu

摘要

A great earthquake struck central Myanmar on March 28, 2025, causing extensive and severe damage in Myanmar and neighboring countries such as Thailand. Observed waveforms indicated the possibility of supershear rupture at the source of this event. To investigate this possibility, a joint source inversion using near-field and teleseismic waveforms was performed. The fault model used, with a total length of 580 km, comprises five segments with varying strike directions and dip angles. Within the first 10 s after initiation at the hypocenter, the rupture propagated southward at a high speed of 5–6 km/s. while rupture in the northern direction proceeded at a speed lower than the local S-wave velocity of 3.5 km/s. Subsequently, the rupture propagated bilaterally in both northern and southern directions at high speeds of 5–6 km/s. The largest asperity, with a maximum slip of 5–6 m, occurred in the shallow part of the fault model, approximately 240 km south of the hypocenter. Large slips of 2–3 m were also found near the southern end of the fault model. Slips on the fault plane were dominated by strike-slip components, though slips south of the largest asperity included significant dip-slip components.