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<p><i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> is a major pathogen affecting shrimp aquaculture. Additionally, the extensive use of antibiotics for prophylaxis and treatment has led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. This combination has created an urgent need to develop alternative control strategies, among which phage-based biocontrol is a promising approach. A novel bacteriophage, vB_VpaS_PP24 (PP24), which infects <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i>, was isolated by us in a previous study. It demonstrated potential to control this pathogen, making it a suitable candidate for phage-based biocontrol. In this study, we combined genomic, functional, and field approaches to assess the safety and efficacy of PP24 in controlling <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> in shrimp aquaculture. Genomic and phylogenetic analyses based on the major capsid protein and DNA polymerase sequences indicated that PP24 shared high similarity with the <i>Vibrio</i> phage vB_VhaS-VHB1. Acute and subacute toxicity tests confirmed its safety. Critically, PP24 demonstrated potent <i>in vitro</i> lytic activity against the virulent <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> strain VP8. In laboratory challenge trials, PP24 treatment significantly improved survival outcomes, reducing shrimp mortality from 55.56% to 11.11% (preventive) and 17.78% (therapeutic), confirming a strong <i>in vivo</i> protection capacity. In field pond trials, PP24 application induced a sustained reduction in <i>Vibrio</i> abundance, outperforming a commonly employed iodine-based disinfectant. Collectively, our results establish PP24 as a safe and effective biocontrol agent with robust potential to mitigate <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> outbreaks in sustainable shrimp aquaculture.</p>

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Genome Characterization and Biocontrol Potential of a Novel Bacteriophage PP24 Against Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Shrimp Aquaculture

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月4日

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  • Jingyun Fu,
  • Wei Tang,
  • Ying Li,
  • Zhongfa Xu,
  • Zengguo He

摘要

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a major pathogen affecting shrimp aquaculture. Additionally, the extensive use of antibiotics for prophylaxis and treatment has led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. This combination has created an urgent need to develop alternative control strategies, among which phage-based biocontrol is a promising approach. A novel bacteriophage, vB_VpaS_PP24 (PP24), which infects V. parahaemolyticus, was isolated by us in a previous study. It demonstrated potential to control this pathogen, making it a suitable candidate for phage-based biocontrol. In this study, we combined genomic, functional, and field approaches to assess the safety and efficacy of PP24 in controlling V. parahaemolyticus in shrimp aquaculture. Genomic and phylogenetic analyses based on the major capsid protein and DNA polymerase sequences indicated that PP24 shared high similarity with the Vibrio phage vB_VhaS-VHB1. Acute and subacute toxicity tests confirmed its safety. Critically, PP24 demonstrated potent in vitro lytic activity against the virulent V. parahaemolyticus strain VP8. In laboratory challenge trials, PP24 treatment significantly improved survival outcomes, reducing shrimp mortality from 55.56% to 11.11% (preventive) and 17.78% (therapeutic), confirming a strong in vivo protection capacity. In field pond trials, PP24 application induced a sustained reduction in Vibrio abundance, outperforming a commonly employed iodine-based disinfectant. Collectively, our results establish PP24 as a safe and effective biocontrol agent with robust potential to mitigate V. parahaemolyticus outbreaks in sustainable shrimp aquaculture.