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<p>Situated in the southwestern Pacific, the Tonga-Kermadec subduction zone is separated into two parts by the Louisvlle Ridge Seamount Chain (LRSC), <i>i.e.</i>, the Tanga subduction zone and the Kermadec subduction zone. Known for its vigorous volcanic activity, frequent large earthquakes, rapid plate subduction, and distinctive subducting plate morphology, this subduction zone provides valuable insights into its structures, dynamics, and associated geohazards. This study compiles geological and geophysical datasets in this region, including seismicity, focal mechanisms, seismic reflection and refraction profiles, and seismic tomography, to understand the relationship between lithospheric structures of the subduction system and associated seismicity-volcanic activities. Our analysis suggests that variations in overlying sediment thickness, subduction rate, and subduction angle significantly influence the lithospheric deformation processes within the Tonga-Kermadec subduction system. Furthermore, these factors contribute to the notable differences in seismicity and volcanism observed between the Tonga subduction zone and the Kermadec subduction zone. This study enhances our understanding of plate tectonics by providing insights into the interplay between subduction dynamics and lithospheric deformation, which are crucial for analyzing geological and geophysical behaviors in similar subduction environments.</p>

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Lithospheric Structures and Its Relationship with Seismic and Volcanic Activities: A Review of the Tonga-Kermadec Subduction Zone in the Southwestern Pacific

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月8日

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  • Dan Xiang,
  • Naiyao Liang,
  • Jing Ling,
  • Jianxin Li,
  • Qiang Qu,
  • Junliu Zhong

摘要

Situated in the southwestern Pacific, the Tonga-Kermadec subduction zone is separated into two parts by the Louisvlle Ridge Seamount Chain (LRSC), i.e., the Tanga subduction zone and the Kermadec subduction zone. Known for its vigorous volcanic activity, frequent large earthquakes, rapid plate subduction, and distinctive subducting plate morphology, this subduction zone provides valuable insights into its structures, dynamics, and associated geohazards. This study compiles geological and geophysical datasets in this region, including seismicity, focal mechanisms, seismic reflection and refraction profiles, and seismic tomography, to understand the relationship between lithospheric structures of the subduction system and associated seismicity-volcanic activities. Our analysis suggests that variations in overlying sediment thickness, subduction rate, and subduction angle significantly influence the lithospheric deformation processes within the Tonga-Kermadec subduction system. Furthermore, these factors contribute to the notable differences in seismicity and volcanism observed between the Tonga subduction zone and the Kermadec subduction zone. This study enhances our understanding of plate tectonics by providing insights into the interplay between subduction dynamics and lithospheric deformation, which are crucial for analyzing geological and geophysical behaviors in similar subduction environments.