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<p>Based on the nonlinear saturable absorption properties (NSAPs) of a two-dimensional (2D) material of antimony selenide (Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>), a Q-switched erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser is systematically demonstrated. The Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> nanosheets are prepared by liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) method. After the sandwich-structured Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> saturable absorber (SA) is fabricated, the NSAPs are characterized and the modulation depth, the saturation intensity and the unsaturated loss are determined to be 25.2%, 2.02 MW/cm<sup>2</sup>, and 3.29%, respectively. When the as-prepared Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>-SA is integrated into the ring cavity, the laser operates at a stable Q-switching regime in the pump power range of 100–400 mW. The laser oscillates at the central wavelength of 1 558.48 nm with a 3 dB bandwidth of 2.32 nm. Take the advantages of the Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>-SA, the pulse duration can be compressed from 40.49 kHz to 128.12 kHz. At the pump power of 400 mW, the Q-switching laser gives the narrowest pulse duration, the highest average output power, the largest pulse energy, and the signal-to-noise ratio (<i>SNR</i>) of 0.93 µs, 2.16 mW, 16.89 nJ, and 53 dB, respectively. Our new attempt on Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>-based Q-switched EDF laser, combining the existing mode-locking achievements, proves that Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> is a powerful candidate for pulse compression due to the characteristics of high modulation depth and high stability.</p>

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Sb2Se3 as saturable absorber for Q-switching generation in an erbium-doped fiber laser

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月11日

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  • Wenhao Lü,
  • Tianrun Liu,
  • Yan Xu,
  • Chenghao Cui,
  • Xiaojuan Liu

摘要

Based on the nonlinear saturable absorption properties (NSAPs) of a two-dimensional (2D) material of antimony selenide (Sb2Se3), a Q-switched erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser is systematically demonstrated. The Sb2Se3 nanosheets are prepared by liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) method. After the sandwich-structured Sb2Se3 saturable absorber (SA) is fabricated, the NSAPs are characterized and the modulation depth, the saturation intensity and the unsaturated loss are determined to be 25.2%, 2.02 MW/cm2, and 3.29%, respectively. When the as-prepared Sb2Se3-SA is integrated into the ring cavity, the laser operates at a stable Q-switching regime in the pump power range of 100–400 mW. The laser oscillates at the central wavelength of 1 558.48 nm with a 3 dB bandwidth of 2.32 nm. Take the advantages of the Sb2Se3-SA, the pulse duration can be compressed from 40.49 kHz to 128.12 kHz. At the pump power of 400 mW, the Q-switching laser gives the narrowest pulse duration, the highest average output power, the largest pulse energy, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 0.93 µs, 2.16 mW, 16.89 nJ, and 53 dB, respectively. Our new attempt on Sb2Se3-based Q-switched EDF laser, combining the existing mode-locking achievements, proves that Sb2Se3 is a powerful candidate for pulse compression due to the characteristics of high modulation depth and high stability.