<p>In this work, we investigate the neutral second-order stochastic evolution control system with state-dependent delay and damping effects, which play a crucial role in determining the system dynamics. First, we use sine and cosine operator theory, multivalued analysis, stochastic techniques, and the Dhage fixed-point theorem for multivalued maps to show that a mild solution exists. Then we analyze the new set of sufficient conditions for controllability, with particular attention to the influence of state-dependent delay on the system’s evolution. The controllability results are obtained under a set of well-defined and verifiable assumptions. To illustrate the applicability of the theoretical results, a detailed example is provided, demonstrating the proposed framework can be effectively used to achieve control objectives in complex dynamical systems.</p>