<p>This paper investigates the existence of ground state solutions for the following nonlinear Kirchhoff-type problem <Equation ID="Equ61"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11784_2025_1229_Article_Equ61.gif" Format="GIF" Height="85" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="362" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} -\Bigl (a+b\displaystyle \int _{\mathbb {R}^3}|\nabla u|^2\textrm{d}x\Bigr )\Delta u+\lambda u=f(u) \,\,\,\, \text{ in }\,\,\, \mathbb {R}^3,\\ \displaystyle \int _{\mathbb {R}^3}|u|^2\textrm{d}x=m, \end{array}\right. \end{aligned} \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mfenced open="{"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo maxsize="1.623em" minsize="1.623em" stretchy="true">(</mo> </mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>b</mi> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mtext>d</mtext> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <mo maxsize="1.623em" minsize="1.623em" stretchy="true">)</mo> </mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>λ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">in</mi> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow> <mrow /> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mtext>d</mtext> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11784_2025_1229_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="56" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(a, b&gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11784_2025_1229_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="13" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="47" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(m&gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is the prescribed mass and <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11784_2025_1229_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>λ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> appears as an unknown Lagrange multiplier. Under a class of reasonable assumptions on <i>f</i>, especially the mixed pure-power nonlinearities <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11784_2025_1229_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="24" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="112" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(|u|^{\frac{8}{3}}u+|u|^{p-2}u\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mfrac> <mn>8</mn> <mn>3</mn> </mfrac> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11784_2025_1229_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="77" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\frac{14}{3}&lt;p&lt;6\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn>14</mn> <mn>3</mn> </mfrac> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and some other more general nonlinear terms are included, we establish the existence of ground state solutions via employing the constraint minimization technique and making use of minimax arguments involving the homotopy stable family. Recent results related this problem are generalized and improved significantly.</p>

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Ground state normalized solutions for Kirchhoff equation with general nonlinearities

  • Wei Lu,
  • Ziheng Zhang

摘要

This paper investigates the existence of ground state solutions for the following nonlinear Kirchhoff-type problem \(\begin{aligned} \begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} -\Bigl (a+b\displaystyle \int _{\mathbb {R}^3}|\nabla u|^2\textrm{d}x\Bigr )\Delta u+\lambda u=f(u) \,\,\,\, \text{ in }\,\,\, \mathbb {R}^3,\\ \displaystyle \int _{\mathbb {R}^3}|u|^2\textrm{d}x=m, \end{array}\right. \end{aligned} \end{aligned}\) - ( a + b R 3 | u | 2 d x ) Δ u + λ u = f ( u ) in R 3 , R 3 | u | 2 d x = m , where \(a, b>0\) a , b > 0 , \(m>0\) m > 0 is the prescribed mass and \(\lambda \) λ appears as an unknown Lagrange multiplier. Under a class of reasonable assumptions on f, especially the mixed pure-power nonlinearities \(|u|^{\frac{8}{3}}u+|u|^{p-2}u\) | u | 8 3 u + | u | p - 2 u with \(\frac{14}{3}<p<6\) 14 3 < p < 6 and some other more general nonlinear terms are included, we establish the existence of ground state solutions via employing the constraint minimization technique and making use of minimax arguments involving the homotopy stable family. Recent results related this problem are generalized and improved significantly.