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<p>Traffic-related particles significantly contribute to urban air pollution, impacting global climate, air quality, and human health. Such impacts are dependent on their microstructure and physicochemical properties. While single-particle analysis has improved our understanding of these particles, such studies often focus on specific particle types, limiting a comprehensive view of their sources, aging mechanisms, and environmental behavior. In this review, we reviewed current research on the characterization of traffic-related particles using both online and offline single-particle techniques. Exhaust particles primarily consist of soot, organic matter, sulfates, and mixed particles. Non-exhaust particles are classified into tire wear particles (TWPs), brake wear particles (BWPs), road wear particles (RWPs), and road resuspended dust (RRD), which are rich in metals and minerals. These particles display pronounced physicochemical heterogeneity and complex mixing states, providing valuable insights into emission sources and atmospheric aging processes. Exhaust emissions are significantly influenced by engine types, fuel compositions, and operating conditions. This review deepens scientific knowledge of the physicochemical properties and aging processes of traffic-related particles, providing a valuable foundation for the development of targeted emission control strategies for traffic-related sources.</p>

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Physicochemical properties of traffic-related particles by single-particle analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月20日

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  • Lian Duan,
  • Yalong Wang,
  • Yiming Zhang,
  • Qili Dai,
  • Wenfei Zhu,
  • Fei Zhang,
  • Pengfei Liu,
  • Jianfei Peng,
  • Hongliang Zhang

摘要

Traffic-related particles significantly contribute to urban air pollution, impacting global climate, air quality, and human health. Such impacts are dependent on their microstructure and physicochemical properties. While single-particle analysis has improved our understanding of these particles, such studies often focus on specific particle types, limiting a comprehensive view of their sources, aging mechanisms, and environmental behavior. In this review, we reviewed current research on the characterization of traffic-related particles using both online and offline single-particle techniques. Exhaust particles primarily consist of soot, organic matter, sulfates, and mixed particles. Non-exhaust particles are classified into tire wear particles (TWPs), brake wear particles (BWPs), road wear particles (RWPs), and road resuspended dust (RRD), which are rich in metals and minerals. These particles display pronounced physicochemical heterogeneity and complex mixing states, providing valuable insights into emission sources and atmospheric aging processes. Exhaust emissions are significantly influenced by engine types, fuel compositions, and operating conditions. This review deepens scientific knowledge of the physicochemical properties and aging processes of traffic-related particles, providing a valuable foundation for the development of targeted emission control strategies for traffic-related sources.