<p>Borehole acoustic reflection imaging technology is crucial for evaluating fractured reservoirs. When a borehole intersects a fracture surface, the receivers capture not only the reflected waves from near-borehole fractures but also the reflected signals of borehole mode waves originating at the borehole–fracture intersection. The latter constitutes an interference signal in acoustic reflection imaging. To resolve this issue, we numerically simulated the monopole acoustic logging response under two scenarios: with and without borehole–fracture intersection. We then analyzed the waveform differences between the reflections of the borehole mode waves and those from near-borehole fractures. The results show that, in fixed-offset waveforms, the slope of the borehole mode wave reflections is small—approximately half the velocity of the direct waves—while the apparent velocity is nearly identical to that of the direct waves. In contrast, the slope of the reflections from near-borehole fractures is comparatively large. The slope difference between the two types of reflected waves is ∼58%, and its apparent velocity increases with the fracture inclination angle, exceeding that of the borehole mode wave reflections. Based on these differences, a method is proposed to distinguish reflected waves caused by the borehole–fracture intersection. Its effectiveness is validated via processing and analysis of array acoustic logging data.</p>

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Characteristics and identification methods of acoustic reflected waves from borehole-intersected fractures

  • Bo Yang,
  • Xiao-hua Che,
  • Teng Zhao,
  • Wen-xiao Qiao,
  • Jun-qiang Lu,
  • Bai-yong Men

摘要

Borehole acoustic reflection imaging technology is crucial for evaluating fractured reservoirs. When a borehole intersects a fracture surface, the receivers capture not only the reflected waves from near-borehole fractures but also the reflected signals of borehole mode waves originating at the borehole–fracture intersection. The latter constitutes an interference signal in acoustic reflection imaging. To resolve this issue, we numerically simulated the monopole acoustic logging response under two scenarios: with and without borehole–fracture intersection. We then analyzed the waveform differences between the reflections of the borehole mode waves and those from near-borehole fractures. The results show that, in fixed-offset waveforms, the slope of the borehole mode wave reflections is small—approximately half the velocity of the direct waves—while the apparent velocity is nearly identical to that of the direct waves. In contrast, the slope of the reflections from near-borehole fractures is comparatively large. The slope difference between the two types of reflected waves is ∼58%, and its apparent velocity increases with the fracture inclination angle, exceeding that of the borehole mode wave reflections. Based on these differences, a method is proposed to distinguish reflected waves caused by the borehole–fracture intersection. Its effectiveness is validated via processing and analysis of array acoustic logging data.